Патент USA US2502168

March 28, 1950
S. L. MOORE
CONTROL SYSTEM FOR ELECTRICAL MOTORS
Flled Oct
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so
2,502,167 -
1948
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Fig. 5.
30
lnventovzl
Samuel L’. Moore,
W?W?w/o
b9 His
Attorney.
2,502,167
Patented Mar. 28, 1950
UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE
2,502,167
CONTROL SYSTEM FOR ELECTRICAL
TORS
Samuel L. Moore, Fort Wayne, Ind., assignor to
General Electric Company, a corporation of
New York
Application October 30, 1948, Serial No. 57,571
9 Claims. (Cl . 318-267)
1
2
This invention relates to reversal control sys
tems for electric motors and particularly to such
This motor is provided with an armature 2, which
may be of any conventional type, to which ener
gization is provided through brushes 3 and 4
systems for motors having split ?eld windings.
which are adapted to be connected to a source
Electric motors of the reversible type are uti
of electric power through conductors 5 and 6.
lized for many purposes, particularly for drives
Excitation is provided to the motor by a split
having mechanical limits of travel such as doors;
two-part series ?eld exciting winding 1‘ and 8,
wing ?aps, and landing gear for airplanes. Such
and a split two-part shunt ?eld exciting wind
motors are generally of the split ?eld type wherein
ing 9 and I0. Thus, when the motor is excited
one ?eld winding part is utilized for exciting the
motor in one direction of rotation and the other 10 by ?eld winding parts ‘I and 9, it will operate
in one direction of rotation, and when excited
for excitation in the opposite direction. The
by ?eld winding parts 8 and i0, it will operate
control of these motors has generally been com
in the opposite direction of rotation.
plicated since provision must be made for re
If the driven load of this system is a door or
moving the excitation from the motor when the
mechanical limit of the load has been reached, 15 other device having de?nite mechanical limits of
travel, it is necessary to remove the excitation
for rare-selecting the other ?eld winding part so
from the motor and to provide for reversing the
that the motor can be operated in the opposite
motor to operate the device in the opposite direc
direction when desired, and furthermore, for
tion. Thus, when a predetermined load condi
assuring that the motor armature is not energized
when the ?eld is deenergized.
20 tion is reached, the energization of that part of
the ?eld windings which excited the motor for
It is an object of this invention to provide an
driving the load in that direction must be re
improved and simpli?ed reversible motor drive
moved and the circuit for the energization of
system.
the other part of the ?eld windings closed to
Another object of this invention is to provide an
improved reversal control system for electric 25 provide for the opposite direction of rotation
when desired.
motors having split ?elds.
This selective opening and closing of the cir
Further objects and advantages of this inven
cuit of each part of the ?eld winding in response
tion will become apparent and the invention
to di?erent predetermined conditions of load
will be better understood from the following
description referring to the accompanying draw 30 may be provided by mechanically connected in
terlocks II and I2 connected in series with the
ing, and the features of novelty which charac
shunt ?eld winding parts 9 and I0 respectively.
terize this invention will be pointed out with
These interlocks preselect the appropriate shunt
particularity in the claims annexed to and form
?eld parts for the required direction of rotation
ing a part of this speci?cation.
One important feature of this invention is the 35 for any predetermined load condition. In order
to selectively energize the particular shunt ?eld
provision of interlocks for preselecting the proper
part preselected by the interlocks H and I2, a
?eld part responsive to a predetermined load
double throw switch [3 having contacts 54 and I5
condition, and means for opening and closing the
is provided.
motor armature circuit responsive to excitation
It is necessary that the motor armature 2 be
of the individual ?eld winding parts of the motor. 40
energized through the series ?eld winding part
A double throw switch is utilized to select the
corresponding to the shunt ?eld winding part
appropriate ?eld part for the direction of ro
selected. It is also necessary to insure that ex—
tation desired and the opening and closing means
citation is not applied to the motor armature
insure that the armature is energized only when
45 when the shunt ?eld is de-energized. To secure
the ?eld is excited.
these features, relays l6 and I‘! having contacts
In the drawing, Fig. 1 is a schematic illustra
i8 and i9 respectively arranged in series with
tion of a reversal control system for an electric
series ?elding winding parts 1 and 8 are provided.
motor provided with an embodiment of this in
These relays are actuated respectively by operat
vention, and Figs. 2 and 3 are schematic illustra
tions showing further embodiments of this in 50 ing coils 26 and =2l in series With shunt ?eld
winding parts 9 and Hi.
vention.
In operation, starting at rest, one or the other
Referring now to Fig. 1, there is shown a re
of the interlock contacts II or 12 will be closed
versible motor system in which the motor I is
in response to the particular predetermined load
adapted to operate in either direction of rotation
to drive an external mechanical load (not shown) . 55 condition therefor, providing for rotation of the
2,502,167
motor in the corresponding direction. Assum
ing interlock ii to be closed, as shown in Fig. 1,
closing double throw switch it to position I4
completes the circuit of shunt ?eld winding part
9 and energizes operating coil 28 of relay Hi.
This in turn closes contacts l8 exciting the motor
4
In operation, assuming that interlock H has
been closed by a particular predetermined load
condition, moving double throw switch l3 to posi
tion l4 energizes shunt ?eld winding part 9 and
relay operating coil 22 through interlock II.
This in turn causes contacts 58 to close energiz
ing motor armature 2 through series ?eld part 1.
causing the motor armature to rotate in the
When the mechanical limit of travel of the load
corresponding direction. When the mechanical
is reached, interlock i i will be opened and inter
limit of travel oi‘ the driven load is reached, inter 10 lock l2 simultaneously closed setting up the sys
lock contact It will open thus opening the cir~
tem for rotation of the motor in the opposite
cuit of shunt ?eld winding part i3 and deenergiz
direction. When interlock i i is opened relay op
ing relay operating coil. 293. Removing the ener
erating coil 22 is de-energized causing contacts
gization from coil as opens relay contacts l8
it to open removing the excitation from motor
which in turn opens the circuit of series winding
armature 2 and series ?eld winding part 1 and
part ‘i stopping the motor.
thus stopping the motor. When it is desired to
Simultaneously with the opening of interlock
operate the load in the opposite direction, double
contact 5 l, interlock contact M! will close thus
throw switch it is moved to position 15 energiz
setting up the system for operation of the motor
ing shunt ?eld part It and relay operating coil
in the opposite direction of rotation. When it _ 23 through interlock l2. This closes contacts l9
is desired to operate the motor in this energized
energizing motor armature 2 through series ?eld
condition, double throw switch it is moved to
winding part 9. It will be apparent that the
position l5 energizing shunt ?eld winding part
embodiment of this invention shown in Fig. 2
H1 and relay operating coil 2i causing contacts
effectively assures that the motor armature will
19 of relay ll to close thus energizing the motor
not be energized unless one of the individual
armature 2 through series ?eld winding part 8.
shunt ?eld parts is connected in the circuit. As
It will be readily apparent that whenever the
in Fig. l, interlocks i E and I2 can be conveniently
circuit of either of the shunt ?eld windings of
omitted to provide a simpli?ed reversal control
the motor is opened, de~energization of the par
system where mechanical limits of the driven
ticular relay operating coil in use at the time
load are not involved.
will immediately result. This will open the cir»
Referring now to Fig. 3, in which like parts
cuit of the corresponding series ?eld winding part
are also indicated by like reference numerals,
thus stopping the motor. In this way, energiza
there is shown a further embodiment of this in
tion of the motor armature when the shunt ?eld
vention in which one relay having two operating
winding is opened is effectively prevented.
35 coils is provided. Here, motor i is provided with
In the event that the motor is not utilized with
armature 2 and is excited through brushes 3 and
a load having de?nite mechanical limits of travel,
It from line 5 and ii. The motor is excited in
armature
through series ?eld winding part ‘I
and the motor
merely utilized as a conven~
either direction of rotation by split two-part
tional reversible drive, interlocks ii and I?! may
shunt ?eld winding l and 8. Interlocks 2-’; and
be omitted and relays iii and i'i in connection 40 25 are used to preselect the particular shunt ?eld
with double throw switch i3 provide a simple
winding part for the direction of rotation re
reversing system. An additional feature of this
quired in response to d'fferent predetermined
system is the fact that the reversing switch 13
conditions of load. Double throw switch having
is not required to carry the motor armature cLlr
contacts 2'! and 28 is provided to selectively ener~
rent and need, therefore, only be designed to
carry the current required in one shunt ?eld
Winding part.
Referring now to Fig. 2, in which like parts
are indicated by like reference numerals, there
is shown another embodiment of this invention
similar to that shown in Fig. 1, however, with
the relay operating coils connected in parallel
with the shunt ?eld winding parts. Here, mo~
tor l is provided with armature 2, and is ex
cited through brushes
and 4 from line 5 and
6. The motor is excited for either direction of
rotation by split two-part series ?eld winding 1
and 8 and split two-part shunt ?eld winding 9
and It). Double throw switch it having contacts
14 and i5 is provided to selectively energize the
appropriate shunt ?eld winding part for the di
rection of rotation preselected by the interlocks
ii and it.
In this embodiment, relays it and ii’, whose
contacts i3 and it are respectively connected in
series with the series ?eld winding parts ‘i and
respectively
8, are provided
connected
with operating
in parallelcoils
with theand
shunt
?eld winding parts 9 and iii. Interlocks ii and
gize the appropriate shunt ?eld winding part
for the direction of rotation selected by inter
locks 24 and 25. Relay 29 has contacts at con~
nected in series in the motor armature circuit
between line 5 and brush 3. This relay is pro
vided with two operating coils 3| and 32 respec
tively connected in parallel with shunt ?eld
winding parts ‘I and 8.
Assuming that interlock 25 has been closed
responsive to a predetermined condition of the
driven load, closing switch 26 to position 28 en
ergized shunt ?eld winding part 8 and relay op
erating coil 32 causing contacts 30 to close ap
plying excitation to the motor armature circuit.
When interlock 25 is caused to open by the driven
load, interlock 2c is simultaneously closed thus
setting up the system for operation in the op
posite direction of rotation. Closing switch 26
to position 2‘? therefore energizes shunt ?eld
winding part i and relay operating coil 31 which
65 in turn closes contacts 38 providing- excitation
to armature
It will be seen that this arrange‘
ment provides for the energization of the motor
armature only when one of the shunt ?eld wind
ing parts has been energized. It will also be
12 are connected in series with relay operating 70 seen that interlocks 24 and 25 can be omitted
coils 22 and 23 and are used to preselect the
if a conventional reversal control system is de
particular series ?eld winding part ‘for the di
sired.
rection of rotation required responsive to dif
While I have illustrated and described a par
ferent pro-determined conditions of the driven
load.
ticular embodiment of this invention, modi?
cations thereof will occur to those skilled in the
2,502,167 “
art. I desire it to be understood, therefore, that
this invention is not tov be limited to the partic—
ular arrangement disclosed, and I intend in the
appended claims to cover all modi?cations which
do not depart from the spirit and scope of my
invention.
5. A reversal control system for an electric
motor adapted for connection to a mechanical
load and having an armature and a plurality of
?eld windings, said windings including a split
two-part series winding and a split two-part
shunt winding for exciting said motor in either
direction, comprising means for selectively open
ing and closing the circuit of each of said shunt
?eld winding parts in response to different pre
1. In combination, an electric motor having an
armature and a plurality of ?eld exciting wind 10 determined conditions of said load, means includ
ings, said windings including a split two-part
ing a double throw switch for selectively ener
gizing either of said shunt ?eld winding parts
series winding and a split two-part shunt winding
through said selective circuit closing means, and
for exciting said motor in either direction, means
including a double throw switch for selectively
two relays respectively in series with each of
energizing either of said shunt ?eld winding parts,
said series ?eld winding parts, said relays having
and means for opening and closing the circuit of
operating coils respectively in series with each of
either of said series ?eld winding parts, said
said shunt ?eld winding parts whereby either of
means including two operating coils respectively
the series ?eld winding part circuits is opened
in circuit with said shunt ?eld winding parts
and closed in response respectively to opening the
whereby either of said series ?eld winding parts 20 associated shunt ?eld winding part and excitation
is opened or closed in response to excitation of
of said associated shunt ?eld winding part.
the associated shunt ?eld winding part.
6. In combination, a motor having an arma
2. A reversal control system for an electric
ture and a plurality of ?eld exciting windings,
motor adapted for connection to a mechanical
said windings including a split two-part series
load and having an armature and a plurality of
winding and a split two-part shunt winding for
?eld exciting windings, said windings including a
exciting said motor in either direction, means
split two-part series winding and a split two-part
for selectively energizing either of said shunt
shunt winding for exciting said motor in either
?eld winding parts, and means for opening and
direction, comprising means for selectively open
closing the circuit of either of said series ?eld
ing and closing the circuit of each of said shunt
winding parts, said means including two operat
?eld winding parts in response to different pre
ing coils respectively in parallel with said shunt
determined conditions of said load, means in
?eld winding parts whereby either of said series
cluding a double throw switch for selectively
?eld winding part circuits is opened and closed
energizing either of said shunt ?eld winding
respectively to excitation of the associated shunt
What I claim as new and desire to secure by
Letters Patent of the United States is:
parts through said selective circuit closing means, 35 ?eld winding part.
and relay means for opening and closing the cir
7. A reversal control system for an electric
cuits of either of said series ?eld winding parts
motor having an armature and a plurality of
and including two operating coils respectively in
?eld exciting windings, said windings including
circuit with each of said shunt ?eld winding parts
a split two-part series winding and a split two
whereby either of said series ?eld winding parts 40 part shunt winding for exciting said motor in
is opened and closed responsive to excitation of
either direction comprising means including a
the associated shunt ?eld winding part.
double throw switch for selectively energizing
3. In combination, an electric motor having
either of said shunt ?eld winding parts, and two
an armature and a plurality of ?eld exciting
relays having contacts respectively in series with
windings, said windings including a split two 45 each of said series ?eld winding parts for open
part series winding and a split two-part shunt
ing and closing the circuits of said series ?eld
winding for exciting said motor in either direc
winding parts, said relays having operating coils
tion, means for selectively energizing either of
respectively in parallel with each of said shunt
said shunt ?eld winding parts, and means for
?eld winding parts whereby either of said series
opening and closing the circuit of either of said 50 ?eld winding circuits is opened and closed in
series ?eld winding parts, said means including
response to excitation of the associated shunt
two operating coils respectively in series with said
?eld winding part.
shunt ?eld winding parts whereby either of said
8. A reversal control system for an electric
series ?eld winding part circuits is opened and
motor adapted for connection to a mechanical
closed responsive respectively to opening of the 55 load and having an armature and a plurality of
circuit of the associated shunt ?eld winding part
?eld exciting windings, said windings including
an energization of said associated shunt ?eld
a split two-part series winding and a split two
winding part.
part shunt winding for exciting said motor in
4. In combination, an electric motor having an
either direction, comprising means including a
armature and a plurality of ?eld exciting wind 60 double throw switch for selectively energizing
ings, said windings including a split two-part
either of said shunt ?eld winding parts, two
series winding and split two-part shunt winding
relays having contacts respectively in series with
for exciting said motor in either direction, means
each of said series ?eld winding parts for open
including a double throw switch for selectively
ing and closing the circuits of said series ?eld
energizing either of said shunt ?eld winding parts, 65 winding parts, said relays having operating coils
and two relays having contacts respectively in
respectively in parallel with each of said shunt
series with each of said series ?eld winding parts
?eld winding parts whereby either of said series
for opening and closing the circuits of said series
?eld windings circuits is opened and closed in
?eld winding parts, said relays having operating
response to excitation of the associated shunt
coils respectively in series with each of said shunt 70 ?eld winding part, and means for selectively
?eld winding parts whereby either of said series
opening and closing the circuits of said relay coils
?eld winding circuits is opened and closed in re
in response to different predetermined conditions
sponse respectively to opening the associated
of said load.
shunt ?eld winding part and excitation of said
9. In combination, an electric motor having an
associated shunt ?eld winding part.
75 armature and a split two-part shunt ?eld excit
2,502,167
ing winding for‘ exciting said motor in either
8
REFERENCES CITED
The following references are of record in the
?le of this patent:
direction, means for selectively energizing either
of said shunt field Winding parts, and means for
opening and closing said armature circuit hav
UNITED STATES PATENTS
ing two coils respectively in parallel with said. 5
shunt field Winding parts whereby said motor
Number
Name
Date
armature circuit is opened and closed respon
Chilman _________ __ Aug. 20‘, 1946
2,406,196
sive to excitation of said shunt ?eld winding
Graham __________ __ Feb. 3, 1948
2,435,440
parts.
SAMUEL L. MOORE.