272.Видовременные формы английского глагола в активном залоге

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Министерство образования и науки Российской Федерации
Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение
высшего профессионального образования
«Оренбургский государственный университет»
А. В. Павлова, Е. В. Турлова
ВИДОВРЕМЕННЫЕ ФОРМЫ
АНГЛИЙСКОГО ГЛАГОЛА В
АКТИВНОМ ЗАЛОГЕ
Рекомендовано
Ученым
советом
федерального
государственного
бюджетного образовательного учреждения высшего профессионального
образования «Оренбургский государственный университет» в качестве
учебного пособия для студентов, обучающихся по программам высшего
профессионального образования по направлению подготовки 035700.62
Лингвистика.
Оренбург
2012
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УДК 811.111 – 26(07)
ББК 81.2 Англ. – 923
П 12
Рецензент - профессор, доктор филологических наук С. Г. Шафиков
Павлова, А.В.
Видовременные формы английского глагола в активном залоге:
учебное пособие / А. В. Павлова, Е. В. Турлова; Оренбургский
гос. ун-т. – Оренбург : ОГУ, 2012. – 108 с.
П 12
В учебном пособии представлены задания и упражнения,
необходимые для успешного освоения видовременных форм
английского глагола в активном залоге по курсу практической
грамматики первого (английского) языка.
Учебное пособие предназначено для занятий по дисциплине
«Практическая грамматика первого языка», для студентов-бакалавров 1
курса очной формы обучения по направлению 035700.62 Лингвистика,
профиль «Теория и методика преподавания иностранных языков и
культур».
УДК 811.111 – 26(07)
ББК 81.2 Англ. – 923
ISBN
© Павлова А.В., Турлова Е. В.,2012
© ОГУ, 2012
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Contents
Введение……………………………...…………………………………….. 4
1
The Indefinite Tenses ............................................................................. 5
1.1 The Present Indefinite Tense.................................................................. 5
1.2 The Past Indefinite Tense.......................................................................
11
1.3 The Future Indefinite Tense…………………………………………… 20
1.4 Test on Indefinite Tenses………………................................................ 25
2
The Continuous Tenses…………………............................................... 27
2.1 The Present Continuous Tense…………...............................................
27
2.2 The Past Continuous Tense……………................................................
33
2.3 The Future Continuous Tense…………................................................. 39
2.4 Test on the Continuous Tenses……………........................................... 43
3
The Perfect Tenses……………………….............................................. 45
3.1 The Present Perfect Tense……………………....................................... 45
3.2 The Past Perfect Tense............................................................................ 50
3.3 The Future Perfect Tense………………................................................ 55
3.4 Test on the Perfect Tenses……………….............................................. 60
4
The Perfect Continuous Tenses………….............................................. 62
4.1 The Present Perfect Continuous Tense…............................................... 62
4.2 The Past Perfect Continuous Tense……................................................ 68
4.3 The Future Perfect Continuous Tense…................................................
75
4.4 Test on the Perfect Continuous Tenses…............................................... 79
5
Final Tests on the Active Voice………….............................................. 81
Список использованных источников ………………………………….. 108
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Введение
«Видовременные формы английского глагола в активном залоге» учебное
пособие
к
практическому
курсу
нормативной
грамматики
английского языка имеет целью систематизацию и обобщение практического
материала по теме «Глагол: Активный залог» для формирования и развития
речевых грамматических навыков.
Данное учебное пособие предназначено для студентов-бакалавров
первого курса факультета филологии для изучения темы «Глагол: Активный
залог» в первом и втором учебных семестрах. Оно может быть использовано
в
качестве
вспомогательного
средства
обучения,
содержащего
дополнительный материал по практическому курсу нормативной грамматики
английского языка.
Настоящее пособие состоит из пяти разделов, четыре из которых
посвящены четырем грамматическим аспектам, а именно: неопределенный,
длительный,
завершенный
и
завершенно-длительный;
пятый
раздел
представляет собой несколько вариантов итогового теста, состоящих из
упражнений, необходимых для контроля усвоения видовременных форм
английского глагола в активном залоге. Каждый из первых четырех разделов
учебного пособия включает в себя четыре главы, три из которых содержат
упражнения на усвоение глагольных форм настоящего, прошедшего и
будущего времени в соответствующем аспекте, четвертая глава представляет
собой задания для закрепления и контроля степени усвоения.
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1 The Indefinite Tenses
1.1 The Present Indefinite Tense
Exercise 1. Fill in the blanks with the correct form of the verbs in brackets.
Houseboats
Totaling
approximately
2500
houseboats 1) …… (be) a striking
presence in Amsterdam’s cityscape.
Practically all houseboats 2) ……
(have) gas and electricity, and, with a
few exceptions, they 3) …… (be)
privately owned. Their modern
conveniences 4) …… (equal) to
those of regular houses. Purchasing
costs 5) …… (rise) as high as those
of a regular suburban single-family
dwelling. Houseboats 6) …… (be)
subject to regulations that strongly
7)………… (limit) their mobility. Permits are granted only for a fixed location.
Municipal policy 8) …… (focus) on stimulating the usage of historic ships as
houseboats. Houseboats 9) … (be) particularly popular among artists.
Exercise 2. Fill in the blanks with the verbs in the Present Indefinite Tense.
1. She …… (have) three daughters from a previous marriage. 2. A lot of
small children ……. (be) fussy eaters. 3. Meditation …… (relax) you and ……
(make) you feel healthier. 4. One of the neighbors usually ……. (complain) about
the noise from the parties. 5. One in three marriages …… (end) in divorce. 6. Once
a private mansion, it ……. (be) a classic hotel in the best tradition now. 7. More
than half of all births in the region ……. (be) outside marriage. 8. A lot of the
families living in this area …… (be) very poor. 9. We ……. (serve) meals 24 hours
a day, seven days a week. 10. …… (be) there a history of heart disease in your
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immediate family? 11. My nephew ……. (be) a complete video game addict. 12.
The family always …… (sit) in front of the fireplace until late in the evening. 13.
They often …… (dream) about a magnificent mansion set in 2000 acres of
countryside. 14. In the USA medical treatment ……. (vary) greatly from state to
state. 15. Quentin’s mood …… (seem) to vary according to the weather.
Exercise 3. Complete the text with the Present Indefinite form of the verbs.
What is an eclipse?
A solar eclipse 1) …… (happen) when the moon 2) …… (pass) in front of
the sun. This only 3) …… (take) place when there is a new moon. It 4) …… (last)
for up to 7.5 minutes.
During a solar eclipse, it is dark. The birds 5) …… (not sing), and animals
6) …… (keep) still and quite. A solar eclipse 7) …… (not happen) very often, and
most people 8) …… (enjoy) seeing one. However, it’s important not to look
straight at the sun. If you 9) …… (not remember) this, you can damage your eyes.
A lunar eclipse 10) …… (occur) when the earth’s shadow 11) …… (fall) on
the moon. The moon 12) …… (look) dim until it 13) …… (come) out from the
shadow.
Exercise 4. Make up 3 sentences in the Present Indefinite Tense according to
pictures 1-3 given below.
Picture 1
Picture 2
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Picture 3
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Exercise 5. Fill in the blanks with the correct form of the verbs in brackets.
John Fields 1) …… (be) a farmer. He 2) .......
(get up) at 5 o’clock in the morning. He 3)......................
(wash) and 4)
............... (dress). Then he 5) ..........
(make) breakfast and 6)
............. (eat) it He 7)
.................. (put on) his coat and 8) .......... (go) outside.
He 9)............... (milk) the cows early in the morning.
His wife, Mary, and the children 10) ......... (not/get up)
so early. They 11) (get up) at 7 o’clock. Mary
12)
……….(feed) the chickens and then she 13) ……….
(make) some tea for herself. The children 14)................
(not/like) tea. They usually 15).......... (drink) milk. At
7.30, Mary 16) ……. (take) the children to school. Then she 17)............. (go) to the
office and John 18)
(work) on the farm. At 4 o’clock the children 19)..............
(come) home from school. John and Mary …………... (cook) dinner. The children
21) ….........
(not/help) their parents with the cooking but they 22) …………
(do) the washing-up. In the evening John and his wife 23) ……….. (watch)
TV or 24) ……….. (listen) to thе radio. The children 25) ………… (not/watch)
TV. They 26) ………….. (do) their homework. They all 27) …………….. (go) to
bed at 9 p.m. They 28) …………... (be) all very tired.
Exercise 6. Complete the sentences.
1. I … to the dentist often enough. I must go more often.
2. I … to Switzerland once a week. Usually to Zurich. … they work on
Sundays?
3. Jack … home at 7 or 8 o’clock quite often.
4. Sally … very hard. She's our employee of the month.
5. … Ben go to Barbados every year?
6. Susan … out for lunch very often. Usually she has a sandwich.
7. … she work in Human Resources?
8. This machine … very well. We have a lot of problems.
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9. We … with any American distributors, only one in Canada.
10. We … with almost all the countries in the EU.
11. … you go the cinema often?
Do
work
don’t work
works
Does
go
Does
goes
Do
doesn’t work
don’t go
doesn’t go
Exercise 7. Put 5 questions to each of the underlined sentences.
The Egyptian Museum
French Egyptologist, Mariette Pasha, insisted on the construction of a big museum
to house the Pharaonic works of art. Twenty years later, the French architect
Marcel Dourgnon presented the plan of the Egyptian Museum building situated in
the center of Cairo. The museum was opened in 1902 and Gasto Maspero was
appointed Director. The museum contains a big library and 100 exhibition rooms
occupying two floors. In the museum’s garden, there is a big statue over the marble
tomb of August Mariette bearing his name and dates of birth and death (1821 –
1881). There is also a number of statues representing other famous Egyptologists.
The most important collection of the museum is that of Tutankhamun. There are
other masterpieces dating from the Ancient Kingdom like the Statues of Cheops,
Chepren and Mycerinus. There is also the collection of Thutmose III, Alhnatoun
and a number of statues of Ramses II.
Exercise 8. Ask a) general questions; b) special questions on the words in
bold type.
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1. Great Britain lies in the eastern part of the Atlantic Ocean. 2. The sea
surrounds the British Isles. 3. The presence of the sea makes the climate warmer
in winter and cooler in summer. 4. A branch of the Gulf Stream comes to the west
coast of the British Isles. 5. The sea washes away from the coasts some of the soil.
6. The coast of England contains many good harbours. 7. The sea round about the
shores of England abounds in fish. 8. Fishermen catch fish by means of nets. 9.
When the net is drawn in, it generally contains very much fish. 10. A lighthouse
guides ships and warns them of danger. 11. The Severn is the longest river in
Great Britain. 12. The Severn is noted for its tides. 13. During the tide the water in
the Severn often upsets small boats and barges. 14. Water freezes at zero. 15.
The sun rises in the East.
Exercise 9. Choose the correct item.
1. He usually ... dinner with Ted.
a) have
b) has
c) having
b) sees
c) to see
2. It is lovely ... you again!
a) see
3. Mary is a good girl. She often ... her mother with the housework.
a) help
b) helps
c) helping
4. These cakes ... delicious! Can I have one more?
a) tastes
b) taste
c) to taste
5. He is a famous singer, he ... ten concerts a month.
a) gives
b) giving
c) give
6. Dan ... on a business trip twice a year.
a) go
b) going
c) goes
7. Every summer they ... their grandparents.
a) visit
b) are visiting
c) visits
b) snowed
c) snows
8. It usually ... in winter.
a) snow
9. From time to time she .... from London to Manchester.
a) moves
b) move
c) moving
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10. They .... fond of singing. Would you join them to sing?
a) be
b) is
c) are
11. Parents ... a lot of sacrifices for their children.
a) makes
b) make
c) making
12. Her child usually ... with blocks.
a) play
b) playes
c) plays
13. Water ... to ice when it ... .
a) turns, freezes
b) turn, freeze
c) turns, freeze
14. The train ... early tomorrow morning.
a) leave
b) leaves
c) leavs
15. She ... to her brother once a month.
a) writes
b) write
c) writing
Exercise 10. Translate these sentences from Russian into English using the
Present Indefinite Tense.
1. По выходным они обычно едут за город кататься на лыжах. 2. Как правило,
каждый участник конференции получает персональное приглашение. 3. В
этом регионе осенью часто идет дождь, редко светит солнце и иногда дует
сильный ветер. 4. Мой друг обожает читать детективы, но так как он работает
каждый день с утра и до вечера, у него остается совсем мало времени на
чтение. 5. Весна – отличное время года для обновления сада, садовник
высаживает новые кустарники и цветы, поливает их, ухаживает за ними. 6.
Эта книга принадлежит Майку, не забудь ее ему вернуть. 7. Обычно она
просыпается рано, ведь она живет далеко от работы.
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1.2 The Past Indefinite Tense
Exercise 1. Fill in the blanks with the verbs in the Past Indefinite Tense.
Racing driver
Sue Glass had a car accident when she 1) … (be) eight so she
2) … (not to like) driving. When she 3) … (grow up) this was
a problem, because she 4) … (get) a job with a car company.
Then six years ago she 5) … (meet) Julian Swayland, a racing
driver, and she 6) … (tell) him she 7) … (be) afraid of cars. He 8) … (want) to
help, so he 9) … (take) her to Brands Hatch, a Grand Prix racing circuit. He 10) …
(drive) her round corners at 100 mph and she 11) … (love) it. Then she 12) …
(hear) about a special motor racing course. She 13) … (do) the course with five
men and was amazed when she got top marks. She says: “I 14) … (think) I 15) …
(do) well because I 16) … (listen) to everything the teacher 17) … (say). The men
often 18) … (not to listen). The best moment 19) … (be) my first championship
race. I 20) … (not to win) but I 21) … (come) fourth. I 22) … (beat) twenty men.
In fact I 23) … (stop) doing it a year ago, because I 24) … (get) so nervous before
each race, I 25) … (feel) really sick.”
Exercise 2. Complete the text with the Past Indefinite form
of the verbs.
George Washington
George Washington was born in Virginia. His family 1) …
(own) a big farm and 2) … (have) slaves. George 3) … (not to
have) much education. During his life he 4) … (have) free jobs:
he 5) … (be) a farmer, a soldier, a politician. He 6) … (love) the life of the farmer.
He 7) … (grow) tobacco and 8) … (own) horses. He 9) … (work) hard but he also
10 ) … (like) dancing and going to the theatre. In 1759 he 11) … (marry) a widow
called Martha Custis. They 12) … (be) happy together, but 13) … (not to have) any
children. During the War of Independence he 14) … (be) Commander-in-Chief of
the army and 15) … (fight) the British. Eight years after the War he 16) …
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(become) the first President of the United States. He 17) … (start) the building of
the White House, but he never 18) … (live) in it.
Exercise 3. Fill in the blanks with the correct form of the verbs in brackets.
Flower Fields
The flower fields 1)…….. (extend) over the
entire area behind the coast of Holland, from
Katwijk to Den Helder. From April to May, the
whole region is covered with a 17.500 hectare
(43,000 acres) multicolored carpet. Almost half
of it 2) …… (consist) of tulips. Originating in
Turkey and central Asia, the first tulips 3) ……
(appear) at the court of the emperor of Austria in 1554. His
botanist, Carolus Clusius, 4) … (flee) to Holland for religious
reasons. The sandy area behind the Dutch coast 5)…… (turn
out) to be an excellent breeding ground for tulips, and they
soon 6)…… (become) extremely popular. People 7)……
(start) to speculate with tulip bulbs, and in 1636 the fabulous
price of 30,000 guilders was paid for three bulbs.
The value of a tulip bulb 8)…… (equal) the value of a
canal house in Amsterdam. Shortly afterwards, the market 9)…… (crash) completely.
Only towards the end of the 18th century did the trade in tulips start to flourish again.
Today, Holland 10)…… (be) the world’s largest exporter of flower bulbs.
Exercise 4. Regular or irregular? Choose the right column to each of the
verb.
Regular verbs
Irregular verbs
Write, find, read, ask, take pay, found, walk, talk, recruit, see, make, discuss,
enter, go, stay, know, present, employ, look, call, fall, eat.
Exercise 5. How do they say – ed? Choose the right column to each of the
verb.
[t]
[d]
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[id]
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Called, permitted, presented, rained, asked, created, hoped, worked, arrived,
helped, introduced, greeted, invited, agreed, talked, started, explained, cleaned,
visited, improved, parked.
Exercise 6. Make up 3 sentences in the Past Indefinite Tense according to
pictures 4-6.
Picture 4
Picture 5
Picture 6
Exercise 7. Put 5 questions to each of the underlined sentences.
Margaret Thatcher
She was born in the small English town of Grantham. Her father,
Alfred Roberts, was a grocer. He worked very hard for little money.
Margaret also worked hard, and she went to Oxford University, where
she studied chemistry. In 1951 she married Denis Thatcher, a rich businessman.
They had twins, a girl and a boy. The love of her life was politics. She didn’t have
much time for other interests. She said she only needed four hours’ sleep a night.
She became a politician in 1959, leader of the Conservative Party in 1975, and
Prime Minister of Britain four years after that. A lot of people were afraid of her,
and she was called “The Iron Lady”. In 1984 Irish terrorists bombed her hotel, but
she survived. She was Prime Minister for eleven years. She finally resigned in
1990, but she didn’t want to, and she was in tears when she left 10 Downing Street.
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Read the following rules and remember them.
Used to – Would
Used to expresses past habits or states. It forms its negative and
interrogative with “did” and it is the same in all persons. Would expresses past
repeated actions and routine. E. g. Grandma would always make me porridge for
breakfast. (also: used to make). But: When I was young I used to live in Leeds.
(Not: would)
Exercise 8. Fill in: used to or would.
I 1) …… live in a small house in the country when I was a little girl. I 2)
…… get up every day at 7 o’clock and get ready for school. My mother 3) ……
get our breakfast ready and then she 4) …… walk to the bus stop with us and wait
for the school bus to pick us up. The bus 5) …… be on time. We stayed at school
until 3.00 pm and then we 6) …… catch the bus home again. In the afternoon we
7) …… walk home alone because Mother didn’t pick us up. She 8) …… work in
an office, but she stopped working last years and now she stays at home.
Exercise 9. Andy got a Certificate of Courage because he saved Tim’s life
last Sunday. This is a part of an interview that the local paper wrote about him. Fill
in the reporter’s questions.
Reporter: (where / you / be / last Sunday?)
Andy: We were on the beach because it was a sunny day.
Reporter: (what / you / do?)
Andy: We were sunbathing and watching some girls playing beachball.
Reporter: (how / accident / happen?)
Andy: The girls’ ball flew into the sea and Tim wanted to get it back, so he
jumped in the water. You know there were some rocks under the water and he hit
his head on one of them. He fainted at once and began to sink.
Reporter: (what / you / do?)
Andy: I jumped after him and pulled him to the shore. He wasn’t breathing
so I gave him a mouth-to-mouth. He came round in a minute.
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Exercise 10. Revise the Past Indefinite form of the irregular verbs and fill in
the crossword.
1
3
3
4
6
2
5
4
5
9
7
11
6
7
12
8
9
10
11
12
13
17
13
14
15
14
16
15
18
16
17
19
20
18
19
CROSS: Give the English equivalent in the Past Indefinite form.
1 Покупать
5 Шить
9 Встречать
13 Знать
2 Искать
6 Звонить
10 Брызгать
14
Ездить
верхом
3 Красть
7 Рисовать 11 Обучать
4 Хранить
8 Клясться 12 Летать
15 Говорить
DOWN: Give the English equivalent in the Past Indefinite form.
1 Бить
5 Рвать
9 Кушать
13 Слышать
2 Закрывать
6 Класть 10 Говорить
14 Быть
3 Давать
7 Носить 11 Видеть
15 Писать
4 Брать
8 Сидеть 12 Выигрывать 16 Пить
15
16 Сиять
17 Понимать
18 Расти
19 Делать
17 Учить
18 Уходить/идти
19 Плавать
20 Копать
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Exercise 11. Choose the correct item.
1. When she was young, she ... a lot.
a) dance
b) dances
c) danced
2. He had a backache yesterday, because he ... the garden.
a) digs
b) dug
c) dag
3. He was angry, he ... with his daughter.
a) argue
b) argues
c) argued
4. Alexander Fleming ... penicillin in 1928.
a) discovered
b) discovers
c) discover
5. As soon as I .... that the house was on fire, I phoned the fire brigade.
a) see
b) saw
c) sees
6. Robert Burns’ father ... hard to make both ends meet.
a) works
b) working
c) worked
7. Thackeray ... the novel as an instrument of satire.
a) use
b) used
c) using
8. Keats ... his life entirely and passionately to poetry alone.
a) devoted
b) devote
c) devotes
9. When a boy, Rudyard Kipling ... in India.
a) live
b) lives
c) lived
10. Shelley and Byron ... in Switzerland in 1816.
a) meets
b) met
c) meet
Exercise 12. Read the text and retell it in The Past Indefinite Tense.
After that killer meeting with Google (or the hot new start-up), it’s important
to know where to go to cool down in Silicon Valley, the world’s leading venture
capital and high-tech hub, and home to such notables as Intel, Google, Yahoo!,
Apple and eBay, along with the hallowed grounds of Stanford University.
Roughly comprising the southern portion of North California’s San
Francisco Bay Area, Silicon Valley – so-named originally for the numerous silicon
chip inventors and manufacturers who first set up shop here in the 1970s –
encompasses the whole Santa Clara Valley along with the vibrant, historic city of
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San Jose. Though its unofficial Silicon moniker came about more recently, the area
has been well known for cutting-edge electrical and electronic innovation since the
late 19th century. Yet there’s more to the region than all things technological; close
your iPad and offline your Blackberry, to experience – in your downtime – some of
the Valley’s alternative charms.
Start in San Jose, a city of roughly a million, with a visit to the mummies
and reproduction underground tomb at the highly endearing Rosicrucian Egyptian
Museum (1660 Park Ave) then drop in on the more thoroughly modern 20th
century West Coast art at the San Jose Museum of Art (110 South Market Street).
Stepping back again just a little in time, take a look around History Park (Kelley
Park, 1650 Senter Rd, SE of Downtown), an open-air museum comprising lots of
winsome historic houses supplanted from across the city, including an 1888
Chinese temple, a vintage print shop, the old Pacific Hotel, and a working trolley
line, as well as a replica of the 1881 Electrical Light Tower originally built to
supply the entire city with electrical street lights. Though the cutting-edge scheme
failed spectacularly, the tower became a local landmark as well as a nod to a future
brimming in more successful innovation.
If, after a glance at the Light Tower, you can’t bear to set all things high-tech
completely aside, there’s plenty to keep you busy outside your air-con office
complex. Visit the Tech Museum of Innovation (201 South Market Street, San
Jose) to brush up on microchips, genetics and alternative energy, or the Computer
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History Museum in Mountain View (1401 N Shoreline Blvd, Mountain View) to
trace the recent history of that most indispensable of items. Those on a tech
pilgrimage should swing by the Intel Museum (Robert Noyce Bldg, 2200 Mission
College Blvd, Santa Clara) at the company’s headquarters, where you can indulge
in such pleasures as writing your name in binary code, then drive past the nowlandmark Packard’s Garage (367 Addison Ave, Palo Alto; not open to the public),
within whose humble walls the now legendary Hewlett Packard was founded.
For something quirkier, and far less mentally taxing, take a trip to the
Winchester Mystery House (525 S Winchester Blvd, San Jose), where tragic
Winchester Rifles heiress Sarah Winchester built her strange – and allegedly
haunted –160-room Victorian mansion. Alternatively, rummage for treasures, from
vintage comic books to antique false teeth, at the San Jose flea market (1590
Berryessa Rd), where you can also pick up a picnic lunch at its expansive Farmers’
market.
Drive that picnic out for an open-air afternoon amongst the ancient trees of
the Big Basin Redwoods State Park in the Santa Cruz mountains, where there are
around 130km of hiking trails to choose from. Take the easy Redwood Loop Trail
to get up close and personal with some of the park’s most famous trees, or hike out
further to one of its several waterfalls. Later quench your thirst at one of the
mountain range’s many vineyards; taste Chardonnays and Sauvignons at the
Byington Vineyard (21850 Bear Creek Rd, Los Gatos) and the Pinot Noirs at the
David Bruce Winery (21439 Bear Creek Rd, Los Gatos), or sip Chardonnay and
catch an open-air concert at the historic and highly picturesque Mountain Winery
(14831 Pierce Rd, Saratoga).
Once evening falls, head back into San Jose and out to the aptly named,
lounge-bar filled SOFA, the city’s entertainment central, whose initials stand for
‘South of First Area,’ where you’ll find the heritage 1927-built California Theater
(408 Almaden Blvd), home to the city’s opera and symphony orchestra. Hit the
clubs and lounges or – if you’ve more meetings in the morning – top off your day
in the gentler deco surroundings of the Hotel de Anza’s Hedley Club (233 West
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Santa Clara St) where the jazz is cool, and the drinks only as strong as your travelalarm will allow.
Exercise 13. Translate the sentences from Russian into English using the
Past Indefinite Tense.
1. Я видела его вчера, но не разговаривала с ним, я очень спешила. Мы
боялись опоздать на поезд. К счастью, на углу нашей улицы мы увидели
такси и приехали на вокзал вовремя. 2. Летом я вам не писала, так как
потеряла ваш адрес. На прошлой неделе я нашла адрес и написала письмо. 3.
Сколько времени занял у вас перевод этой статьи вчера? 4. В прошлом году
она сшила мне очень красивое платье. 5. Он не принимал этого лекарства,
когда был болен. 6. Месяц назад я прочитала очень интересную книгу. В
прошлые выходные я посоветовала моей подруге прочесть ее, вчера она
позвонила мне и поделилась впечатлениями и мыслями по ее содержанию. 7.
Голландия была оккупирована немцами в 1940 году. 8. Моя сестра 6 раз
подавала заявку на визу (apply for visa), перед тем как она её получила. 9.
Раньше он не любил томаты, однако в прошлом месяце случилось странное –
он съел целый килограмм за раз. 10. В детстве она была застенчивым
ребенком.
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1.3 The Future Indefinite Tense
Exercise 1. Complete the text with the Future Indefinite form of the verbs.
Invitation for Dinner
Dear Marry,
You 1) …… (be) free to come to dinner here on Saturday next at 8.00 ? My
brother Paul 2) …… (come) and 3) …… (bring) a friend of his called Tom
Edwards. You haven’t met Tom but I think you 4) …… (like) him. He is an
assistant stage manager at the Gate Theatre and 5) …… (be able) to tell you about
the actors. Paul says Tom doesn’t receive much salary and often doesn’t get
enough to eat, so he has asked me to have roast beef and Yorkshire pudding for
dinner. He probably 6) …… (ring up) between now and Saturday to say that it 7)
…… (be) a good idea to start with soup. I know you don’t usually eat such meals,
but I hope you 8) …… (enjoy) the conversation. Anyway, come if you are able.
Love, Lucy
Exercise 2. Make up sentences as in the example.
The station is not far from here. (you/ not/ take a taxi).
You won't take a taxi, will you? No, I don't think I will.
1) We've got some time left. (we/ not/ be late).
2) Jack is very busy right now. (he/ not/ come to the party).
3) Mike has a cold. (he/ not/ take part in the picnic).
4) I usually see James on Friday. (you/ not see/ him/ tomorrow).
5) We usually spend our holidays at the seaside. (you/ not/ go to the seaside/
this summer).
Exercise 3. Fill in the blanks with the Future Indefinite or Present Indefinite
of the verbs in brackets.
1. I ... (go) and see Venice as soon as I … (reach) Italy.
2. If the sun … (be) red, it is a sign that we … (have) a fine day tomorrow.
3. I … (be) glad if some of these hopes … (be) realized.
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4. Many people believe that the time … (come) when there … (be) a universal
parliament of the world.
5. If you … (leave) school so soon, you … (forget) what you have learned.
6. I trust the next mail … (bring) better news from home.
7. Where ever you go, you … (find) the local people friendly.
8. I think he … (not know) when Jack … (return).
9. He … (become) a doctor when he … (grow up).
10. If things … (get) worse, I … (lose) my job.
Exercise 4. Make up 3 sentences in the Future Indefinite Tense according to
pictures 7-9.
Picture 7
Picture 8
Picture 9
Exercise 5. React as in the example.
I won’t come to the meeting. And you? Neither will I.
Or: We’ll go abroad for our holidays. And your parents? So will my parents.
1) We’ll travel by train. And you? …… …….. I.
2) We won’t stay in town in summer. And you? …….. ……… we.
3) I’ll take a taxi. And you? ….. ….. I.
4) Jane won’t go to the sea this year. And Mary? ……. ……. Mary.
5) I’ll go fishing tomorrow morning. And your father?.... ….. my father.
6) I’ll speak at the meeting. And you? ……. ……. I.
7) Jane will come. And her sister? …… ……… her sister.
Exercise 6. Put 5 questions to each of the underlined sentences.
Do you know the origin of some superstitions?
The superstition that if you break a mirror, you will have seven years’ bad
luck, comes from the belief in ancient times that a person’s reflection was part of
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their soul. As a result, people used to think that if you broke anything with this
reflection on it, such as mirror, you would harm the soul.
In most hotels all over the world, you will not find a room with number 13,
and if the hotel is a skyscraper, it will go from floor 12 to floor 14. The superstition
the 13 is unlucky can be traced back to a Scandinavian myth. There were originally
only 12 gods and then along came the god Loki to make 13. Loki was a
mischievous god who brought suffering to people. Nowadays, people avoid
planning important events on Friday 13th (or Tuesday 13th in some cultures), and if
things go wrong on that day, like the loss of a wallet or a key, they blame it on the
date.
Cats have always been surrounded by superstitions. In ancient Egypt cats
were considered sacred, but in medieval Europe many people believed cats were
witches in disguise. A popular superstition about cats is that a black cat, crossing
your path from left to right, will bring you bad luck. However, in some cultures a
black cat is thought to be a good omen rather than a bad one.
There are some customs connected with the marriage ceremony which go
back thousands of years. When the bride puts on her white dress, she is wearing the
sacred colour of the Greeks, which represents purity and innocence. Like a modern
bride, the ancient Greek bride wore a veil and a crown and was carried over the
threshold by the groom. On the day she gets married, a woman is supposed to wear
“something old, something new, something borrowed and something blue”. Blur in
the rhyme stands for truth.
In certain primitive tribes the act of eating rice together was the way people
got married. This was probably because eating together symbolized living together
and rice happened to be the local food. In some cultures rice is thrown at weddings
to protect the couple from evil spirits. It was believed that evil spirits appeared at
weddings and had to be fed to keep them from doing harm to the newlyweds. Rice
is also thrown at weddings because it represents fertility and is a symbolic way of
wishing the couple many children.
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In some Mediterranean countries, the “evil eye” refers to the fact that if you
say something good about someone, you might bring them bad luck. This probably
began when people believed that if you praise someone a lot and give them
pleasure, the devil becomes envious and finds ways of spoiling that pleasure.
Saying a baby is beautiful may bring bad luck, so superstitious people often
pretend to be spitting and say to the child “Let me not give you the evil eye”.
People also think they can protect themselves from the evil eye by not boasting
about their success.
In many Christian countries, “Touch wood” is a superstitious expression that
is supposed to prevent bad luck. Often people actually touch wood as they say it,
and if there is nothing made of wood within reach, they touch their head or
someone else’s head instead. If someone asks “Have you ever had a car accident?”,
you might reply “No, touch wood” meaning “I hope it never happens”. The origin
of this custom dates almost certainly from the time when people wore a crucifix
made of wood and touched it as if to say “May Christ protect me”.
Exercise 7. Fill in the blanks with the correct form of the verbs in brackets.
“Here indeed is the true lover,” said the Nightingale.
“What I sing of, he suffers: what is joy to me, to him is
pain. Surely Love 1) …… (be) a wonderful thing. It 2)
……(be) more precious than emeralds, and dearer than
fine opals. Pearls and pomegranates 3) …… (can not buy)
it, nor is it set forth in the market-place. It may not be purchased of the merchants,
nor can it be weighed out in the balance for gold.” “The musicians 4) …… (sit) in
their gallery,” 5) ……(say) the young Student, “and 6) …… (play) upon their
stringed instruments, and my love 7) …… (dance) to the sound of the harp and the
violin. She 8) …… (dance) so lightly that her feet 9) …… (not to touch) the floor,
and the courtiers in their gay dresses 10) …… (throng) around her. But with me
she 11) …… (not to dance), for I 12) …… (have) no red rose to give her”; and he
13) …… (fling) himself down on the grass, and 14) …… (bury) his face in his
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hands, and 15) …… (weep). (THE NIGHTINGALE AND THE ROSE by Oscar
Wilde)
Exercise 8. Choose the correct item.
1. The delegation ... for London as soon as they ... their visas.
a) will start, receive
b) starts, receive
c) starts, will receive
2. At the travel bureau they ... you exactly when the train ... .
a) tell, leaves
b) will tell, will leave
c) will tell, leaves
3. Ask a lock smith if it ... him long to make a double of this key.
a) will take
b) take
c) takes
4. If you ... to climb the tree, you can shake it and the apples ... down.
a) won’t want, will fall
b) don’t want, fall
c) don’t want, will fall
5. When I ... to St. Petersburg I usually ... at my friends’.
a) go, stay
b) go, will stay
c) will go, stay
6. Ask him when he ... packing.
a) will finish
b) finishes
c) finish
7. The milk ... fresh a long time if I ... it in the fridge.
a) is, will put
b) will be, put
c) will be, will put
8. Ask the flower-girl how much money I ... to pay if I ... all the flowers.
a) will have, will take
b) will have, take
c) have, will take
9. Tell the hotel boy to brush your shoes when you ... from the outing.
a) will come
b) comes
c) come
10. Ask the dean if we ... according to the old time-table.
a) will study
b) study
c) studies
Exercise 9. Translate into English using the Future Indefinite and the Present
Indefinite.
1. Когда мы поедем в Крым, я буду много купаться в море. 2. Мы
поедем в Крым, как только закончатся занятия в Университете. 3. Мы поедем
в Крым, если мой отец получит отпуск в июле. 4. Прежде чем мы поедем в
Крым, я хочу навестить своих старых друзей в Москве. 5. В случае если вы
поедете в Крым в июне, напишите мне оттуда.
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1.4 Test on the Indefinite Tenses
Exercise 1. Write the verbs in the third person singular.
1. I fly – it …
6. You stay – she …
2. You run – he …
7. I do – he …
3. We catch – she …
8. You see – she …
4. I play – she …
9. They take – he …
5. We hurry – he …
10. I go – she …
Exercise 2. Put the verbs in brackets into the “Present Simple” or “Past
Simple”.
Tommy Brown 1) ……(be) a real story-teller. No one 2) … (believe) what
he 3) … (say) because he always 4) … (tell) lies. He 5) … (live) in a small village
and 6) … (work) on a farm near his village.
One night last week Tommy 7) … (finish) work late. It 8) … (be) dark and cold.
Suddenly he 9) … (hear) a strange noise so he 10) … (look) up. It 11) … (be) a
UFO with bright flashing lights. It 12) … (come down) towards him and he 13) …
(see) two green men looking at him. He 14) … (scream), 15) … (drop) his bag and
16) … (run away).
When he 17) … (arrive) at the village he 18) … (meet) some villagers and 19) …
(start) to tell them the news but they all 20) … (laugh) at him. No one 21) …
(believe) Tommy.
Exercise 3. Choose the best variant: “will” or “going to”.
1) Why are you filling that bucket with water? I (wash) … the floor.
2) I haven’t got any money to buy the books. Don’t worry, that's no problem.
I (lend) … you some.
3) What (you/ do) … after supper? Watch television.
4) Why are you turning on television? I (watch) … the news.
5) Did you send the letter? I completely forgot. I (do) … it now.
6) The ceiling in this room doesn't look so safe, does it? No, it looks as if it
(fall) … down.
7) I don’t know how to use this camera. It's quite easy. I (show) … you.
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8) What would you like to drink - tea or coffee? I (have) … tea, please.
Exercise 4. Put five questions to each of the following sentences.
1. We saw a really good film at the cinema last night.
2. She usually has breakfast at 8 o’clock in the morning.
3. Larry will visit his granny at the weekends.
Exercise 5. Change the following sentences into indirect speech.
1. He said: “I will enter the University the next year”.
2. She asked: “Did you pass this exam last week?”
3. Vera asked: “Bring me these books to read for two days”.
4. Peter asked: “When do you usually return home after classes?”
5. She asked: “How many pages are there in this journal?”
Exercise 6. Translate the following sentences into English.
1. Знаете ли вы, когда закончится этот семестр, и начнутся экзамены? 2.
Как только закончатся экзамены, все студенты разъедутся по домам. 3. Я
сомневаюсь, успеем ли мы вовремя все приготовить к вечеру. 4. Интересно,
когда же приедет Лена. Попроси ее послать телеграмму, когда она будет
точно знать дату приезда, и мы её встретим на вокзале. 5. Я хочу
познакомить вас с девушкой, которая впервые будет петь на нашем концерте.
6. Не знаю, пойдет ли Джон в кино после того, как вернется с работы. 7.
Интересно, сколько студентов примет участие в соревновании, если оно
состоится в июле. Боюсь, что многие уедут домой. 8. Он имел обыкновение
говорить так быстро, что я с трудом следил за его рассказом. 9. Она обещала
достать мне несколько справочников по этому вопросу, как только я начну
работать над статьей. 10. Я сказал, что буду ждать их до 17.30, а затем
продам билеты.
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2 The Continuous Tenses
2.1 The Present Continuous Tense
Exercise 1. Find 10 mistakes in the underlined forms and correct them.
Sophie lives with her friends Lucy and Tina in a small flat. Their friend Jane
stays with them until she finds somewhere to live. She looks for a room and a job.
She is a good chef; she is always finding work easily. In the morning Sophie is
getting up at about seven. She is leaving for her office at a quarter to eight. Lucy is
often late for work as she is always forgetting to set her alarm clock. Tina
sometimes is working at night. She trains to be a nurse at the local hospital. Sophie
usually gets home at about six. Sometimes she is going to the gym in the evening.
She tries to get fit because she wants to be a dancer. She improves but she is
always complaining about going to the gym. Jane runs every evening for half an
hour, and she cycles everywhere. Tina isn’t doing any exercise, but Lucy learns to
swim.
Exercise 2. Make up 5 sentences in the Present Continuous Tense according
to pictures 10-14.
Picture 10
Picture 11
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Picture 12
Picture 13
Picture 14
Exercise 3. Supply the gaps with the suitable form.
always leave
looks after
works
am always leaving
are sleeping
sleep
are living
live
is looking after
is working
1. Hannah ___________ in Japan for a few months before she starts university.
2. I _________ the house at 8 o’clock in the morning.
3. Please don’t make a lot of noise. The children ____________________.
4. We ________ in a flat near the river. We’ve lived there since we came to
this town in 1995.
5. Dan ___________ his parents’ dog this week.
6. We ___________ with my brother and his wife until our new house is ready.
7. Tom ________ with his friends Mark and Ryan. They have a small
computer company.
8. Dan ___________ his parents’ dog every summer when they go away.
9. Most new babies __________ a lot during the day.
10. I ____________ my mobile phone at work. It’s very annoying.
Exercise 4. Fill in with Present Simple or Present Continuous Tense.
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Sue: What 1) ____________ (you/do) now?
Mark: I 2)___________ (look) through these old film magazines. Look, here’s an
old picture of Jack Nicholson.
Sue: Oh, I 3) _________ (think) he 4) ____________ (look) awful! And his suit 5)
__________ (not/fit) him properly.
Mark: Yes, I 6) __________ (agree). And he 7) ___________ (appear) to be really
angry. I wonder what he 8) ____________ (think) about.
Sue: He 9) _________ (be) in that new film that’s on at the Odeon now, isn’t he?
Mark: Yes, I saw it last night. He 10) _________ (look) very different now. He 11)
_________ (weigh) a lot more.
Sue: I 12) _____________ (hope) it’s a good film. I 13) ____________ (see) it
tonight. Stuart 14) _____________ (take) me. Actually, he 15___________ (be)
very nice to me these days.
Mark: He probably 16) ____________ (want) to borrow some money.
Sue: I 17) _____________ (see). That explains it.
Exercise 5. Make the correct choice.
a) That can’t be right. I don’t believe/I’m not believing it!
b) Carol can’t swim today. She has/is having a cold.
c) See you in the morning. I leave/I’m leaving now.
d) What do you do/are you doing? If you drop it, it will explode!
e) Stop doing that, Billy! You are/You are being very silly.
f) I drive/I’m driving! You can sit in the back with Martin.
g) What do we eat/are we eating this evening? I’m really hungry.
h) You’re a great cook! This cake tastes/is tasting wonderful.
i) Where do you go/are you going? I haven’t finished speaking to you!
j) Chemistry is hard. I’m not understanding/I don’t understand it.
Exercise 6. Comment on the use of the verb to go in the Present Continuous
and the construction to be going + infinitive.
1. “Good morning,” I said. “Where are you going?”
2. We are going to have a little talk.
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3. “Well,” he said, “what are you going to do about it?”
4. I’m not going to marry anyone.
5. “I’m not going away, I’m staying here and I’m going to do what I think is
right.
6. “When will you come? - I’m going down on Friday.”
7. “We’ll say good-bye now, Uncle; we’re going to Michael’s.”
Exercise 7. Insert the construction to be going + infinitive.
1. … you … to take part in the concert? – Certainly, I …
2. What … you … to sing? – I shall sing two folk songs.
3. Who … … to accompany you? – My friend Ann as usual.
4. When will they come home? – We … … to dance till after midnight.
5. … all your friends … to be present at the party? – Certainly, they …
Exercise 8. Fill in the blanks with the correct form of the verbs in brackets.
Teenagers of the world unite!
While the population of Europe and America
1) … (grow) older, those in developing countries
2) … (become) younger. In the non-western
world, particularly India, China and Brazil, there
3) … (be) an influential generation of teenagers
growing up. These young people’s tastes 4) …
(influence) the design of clothes and cars; whole industries 5) … (appear) to help
teenagers spend their free time – and their money.
English 6) … (play) an important part in a teenagers world; it 7) … (be) the
dominant language in youth style and is one way in which teenagers across the
world can communicate with each other and share a common culture. The
existence of graffiti written in English in so many countries 8) … (be) one example
of this. The strongest force in international youth culture today is pop music. Music
9) … (have) universal appeal. The popularity of satellite TV channel MTV 10) …
(be) evidence of this: their pop videos 11) … (play) in every corner of the planet,
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from Stockholm to Sofia, from Athens to Atlanta, and since most of the songs 12)
… (be) in English, kids from all over the world 13) … (learn) to sing in English
too.
Kids these days can chat online with friends thousands of miles away. In
fact, a teenager in India may feel they have more in common with an Internet
friend in Brazil than with other young people in their own country. Young people
around the globe 14) … (begin) to hang around together on the Internet as they
used to on the street.
More and more people 15) … (learn) English from their friends on the
Internet and it is not always the same as the English they learn in the classroom.
Tim Berners-Lee, the British inventor of the World Wide Web, 16) … (imagine)
the effect of the Internet on a teenage boy: his search engine 17) … (show) him a
random selection of the 643,768 people around the world whose preferences in
reading 18) … (be) similar to his own. He 19) … (know) that he may live in a
small town in the Netherlands, but he 20) … (be) right in the center of the main
trend, he 21) … (feel) he 22) … (be) exactly in tune with all his unseen friends.
Exercise 9. Choose the correct item.
1. Where are the children? It’s quiet at home. - They … on the carpet and … .
a) lie, are drawing
b) are lying, drawing
c) are lying, drawing
2. - What you … now? - I … my key. I can’t open the door.
a) What are you do, I
b) What are you doing,
c) What you doing, I’m
looking for
I’m looking for
looking for
3. Listen! Somebody … a lovely song.
a) sings
b) is singing
c) are singing
4. Why … the coat? It’s sunny today.
a) are you putting on
b) do you put on
c) is you putting on
5. Don’t make so much noise. I … to work.
a) tried
b) ’s trying
c) ’m trying
6. Why you … ? Is anything wrong?
a) do you cry
b) are you crying
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7. What time Nick and Rosa … for dinner tonight?
a) is Nick and Rosa
b) Nick and Rosa are
c) are Nick and Rosa
coming
coming
coming
8. I’m sure you … the right choice.
a) will be made
b) are making
c) make
9. Take your umbrella. It … cats and dogs.
a) rained
b) are raining
c) is raining
10. Why you … ? I … for you.
a) are you not hurry, am
b) aren’t you hurrying,
c) don’t you hurry, am
waiting
waiting
waiting
Exercise 10. Translate these sentences from Russian into English using
Present Simple and the Present Continuous Tense.
1. Эти люди так пристально смотрят на вас. Вы их знаете? 2. Как
называется журнал, который вы просматриваете? 3. Позвони на вокзал,
пожалуйста, и узнай, когда приходит поезд из Ростова. 4. Достаньте ваш
билет, контролер проверяет билеты. 5. Не шевелись, фотограф уже снимает
тебя. 6. Она вечно жалуется на своего сына, когда бы я ее не встретил. 7. Не
шумите, преподаватель диктует домашнее задание. 8. У нее такой приятный
голос, послушайте, как она поет. 9. Дождь все еще идет, я вижу дождевые
капли на стекле.
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2.2 The Past Continuous Tense
Exercise 1. Complete the sentences with the Past Continuous form of the
verbs.
1. Phuong …… (drink) a glass of orange juice and I …… (have) a beer and
we sat in silence, content to be together. (Greene).
2. While he …… (speak), I …… (look) at him.
3. My mother …… (sit) by the fire that bright, windy March afternoon, very
timid and sad. (Dickens).
4. She …… (weep) …; her whole body …… (tremble). (Bennett).
5. The weeks …… (pass), his money …… (go), and there was no money
coming in. (London).
6. All the time she …… (talk) she …… (pat) my arm reassuringly. (Walsh).
7. Some …… (work) short hours, some …… (turn) off hands, and for weeks
Barton was out of work, living on credit. (Gaskell).
8. Through the open door came the low voice of his father. The old man
…… (sing). (Abrahams).
Exercise 2. Choose the Past Continuous verbs to complete the story.
I arrived 10 minutes early for the
meeting.
My
colleagues
…
their
preparations. Tim … the chairs from the
next door. Dawn … nervous. She … her
presentation and … her slides. Gareth …
coffee for everyone and David … him. At
9 o’clock everyone … ready to start.
checking
was bringing
was making
were finishing
was practicing
was looking
was sitting down
was helping
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Exercise 3. Make up 5 sentences in the Past Continuous Tense according to
Picture 15
Picture 16
Picture 18
Picture 17
Picture 19
pictures 15-19.
Exercise 4. Choose the correct alternative.
It is sometimes said that there is nothing new in the world of fashion.
Annabelle was a well-known model during the seventies. When her children were
in their early teens, they 1) …… (were enjoying/used to enjoy) looking at her old
photo albums. They 2) …… (were finding/found) it hard to believe that she 3)
…… (was wearing/used to wear) such strange clothes. 4) …… (Did people really
used to think/Were people really thinking)
flared trousers looked good? And those ugly
platform shoes! Annabelle 5) …… (was
admitting/admitted) that people 6) …… (were
often falling/often used to fall) over because
their heels were so high. When her children
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grew up, however, Annabelle noticed to her amusement that seventies styles 7)
…… (were/used to be) in fashion again. “I 8) …… (planned/was planning) to
throw all my old clothes away,” she said, “but my daughter went to a party last
week, and guess what she 9) …… (used to wear/was wearing) – that’s right, some
of my old clothes!”
Exercise 5. Look at the picture and the list of words, and then write what
they were doing or did at the time Paul’s parents entered the house.
Paul’s parents were going away for the weekend. Paul invited some friends to the
house. However his parents’ car broke down so they had to come back home.
wash - jump out – bark
play cards – stop playing – drop
sleep – wake up –fall off
dance/listen – not see – continue dancing
hold a glass of Cola – spill – stain
smoke – see them - throw
1. Ben ………..was washing the dog. It jumped out of the bath and started barking.
2. Jackie …………………………………………………………………………….
3. Jim and Peter …………………………………………………………………….
4. Sarah ……………………………………………………………………………..
5. Sindy ……………………………………………………………………………..
6. Paul ……………………………………………………………………………….
Exercise 6. Finish the sentences with the most appropriate ending.
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1. It was raining
a. when they arrived.
2. He was speaking too quickly
b. when she ran out of paper.
3. How fast were you driving
c. when the flight was cancelled.
4. I was waiting for my colleagues
d. so they asked him to slow down.
5. I was enjoying the conference
e. but your phone was out of range.
6. She was photocopying the report
f. but Kevin wanted to leave early.
7. I was trying to call you
g. so I took an umbrella.
8. We were waiting to check in
h. when the accident happened?
Exercise 7. Open the brackets using the Past Continuous or the Past
Indefinite.
1. I … (sit) on the bench for half an hour and then ... (begin) reading a book.
2. – You … (see) him this morning? – Yes. He … (stand) in the hall laughing.
3. He … (come) in and … (see) Nelly who … (draw) a strange picture.
4. I … (not understand) what Mr. Green … (do).
5. Nick and Fred … (drive) along the road.
6. She … (set) the table at six yesterday.
7. I … (not to hear) what he … (say). I … (type) at the moment.
8. What it … (happen)? It … (happen) when you … (talk) to your secretary.
9. We … (walk) in silence for 5 minutes, then he … (speak).
10. I … (tell) him he should not read while he … (eat).
11. The mouse … (hide) while the cat … (watch).
12. I … (sit) in my garden yesterday, when the servant … (come) and … (say)
that a visitor … (wait) for me in the hall.
13. He … (not like) to play while others … (work).
Exercise 8. Put 5 questions to each of the underlined sentences.
Last night I was alone at home. I was lying on
my bed and I was watching TV when I heard a strange
noise. The noise was coming from the kitchen. I went
downstairs, picked up a heavy vase from the table and
headed for the kitchen. I opened the door very slowly. Then I saw someone. He
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was searching in the fridge. I was so frightened that I dropped the vase I was
carrying and it crashed onto the floor. The man turned towards the door and I saw
his face. It was my husband!
Exercise 9. Fill in the blanks with the correct form of the verbs in brackets.
When
Professor
Mallory,
the
famous
archaeologist, invited me to take part in his
expedition to find the lost city of the Himalayas, I 1)
… (not hesitate) to accept his invitation. Mallory 2)
… (discover) an ancient map showing the position
of the city, although no European 3) … (ever go) to
the area before. In fact, most of Mallory’s colleagues in Oxford either 4) …
(believe) that the city 5) … (never exist) or 6) … (feel) that it 7) … (vanish) long
ago and 8) … (become) simply a legend. According to the Professor, the builders
of the city 9) … (hide) it among the mountains in order to protect its immense
riches. He 10) … (believe) that descendants of these ancient people 11) … (still
keep) themselves apart from the rest of mankind for the very same reasons. So
when we 12) … (set off) on a cool May morning towards the distant mountains,
each of us 13) … (look forward) to exiting discoveries. For a week or more we 14)
… (climb) higher and higher, following the map, which Mallory 15) … (study)
from time to time. Then one afternoon, while we 16) … (rest) at the top of the
valley, we 17) … (notice) that a rider on a horse 18) … (wave) at us from the
other side of the valley. A rider whose clothes 19) … (shine) like gold!
Exercise 10. Choose the correct item.
1. - What you ... between one and two? I phoned you several times. - I ... the piano
and heard nothing.
a) are you doing, am
b) were you doing, was
c) was you doing, was
playing
playing
playing
2. When I got up that morning, the sun ... brightly and the birds ... .
a) shone, sang
b) was shining, were
c) were shining, was
singing
singing
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3. Somebody stole the money from Dad’s pocket while he ... .
a) was sleeping
b) were sleeping
c) slept
4. When you rang me yesterday, I ... a bath.
a) had
b) was having
c) had had
5. I ... by the window when I heard the noise.
a) sat
b) were sitting
c) was sitting
6. Just as Tom ... the street, a car came round the corner.
a) crossed
b) were crossing
c) was crossing
7. I glanced at Mary who ... from the cold.
a) was still shivering
b) still was shivering
c) still shivered
8. The student ... to the question when the headmistress came in.
a) had replied
b) was replying
c) were replying
9. I saw a light in your window as I ... by.
a) was passing
b) had passed
c) passed
10. While my son ... for my call, somebody knocked at the door.
a) had waited
b) was waiting
c) waited
Exercise 11. Translate into English using the Past Continuous or the Past
Indefinite.
1. В три часа его не было дома. Он в это время работал в библиотеке.
Когда я пришла в библиотеку, он все еще там работал. 2. Я плохо слышала
докладчика, так как сидела далеко, а он говорил довольно тихо. 3. Было
поздно, темнело, и мы решили вернуться домой. Пока мы шли домой, все
время шел дождь и дул холодный ветер. 4. День был солнечный. Мы
катались на лыжах все утро. Когда мы катались на лыжах, начал идти снег. 5.
Когда пароход отошел (to move off), пассажиры стояли на палубе (on deck) и
махали (to wave) платками друзьям, которые оставались на пристани. 6.
Пассажиры так и не увидели Байкал. Когда поезд проезжал Байкал, была
ночь. 7. Охотники замолчали. Красивый олень медленно приближался к ним.
8. Когда он вошел в зал, студенты обсуждали первый доклад.
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2.3 The Future Continuous Tense
Exercise 1. Complete the sentences with the Future Continuous form of the
verbs.
1. We ... (play) chess in half an hour. 2. What ... (do) when I come? 3. What
... (do) the coach at this time tomorrow? 4. I ... (listen) to one of my favourite
symphonies at 8 o’clock tomorrow. 5. Tomorrow at this time we ... (take leave) of
each other at the station. 6. He’s very much ashamed. He realizes that it’s all over
between them. I think he … (leave) quite soon. 7. If you come back in about
twenty minutes, Alex and I … (have) our talk. 8. I … (clean) up when you come
with my things. 9. What are you going to do today? I … (practice) the piano all the
afternoon.
Exercise 2. Make up 5 sentences in the Future Continuous Tense according
to pictures 19-23.
Picture 19
Picture 20
Picture 22
Picture 21
Picture 23
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Exercise 3. Open the brackets using the Present Indefinite, the Present
Continuous or the Future Continuous Tenses.
1. Why ... ... ... (you / buy) a new mountain bike?
2. Don’t phone between 8.00 and 9.00. I ... ... ... (study) then.
3. Look out! That tree ... ... ... (fall).
4. Let me know as soon as Louise ... (get) here.
5. Great news! Jean and Chris ... ... (come) to stay with us.
6. According to this timetable, the bus ... (arrive) at 6.00.
7. I have a feeling that something strange ... ... ... (happen) in a minute.
8. Can you call me at 7.00, because I ... ... (leave) tomorrow.
9. In five years’ time I ... ... ... (work) for a different company.
10. You’d better not come in July. My mother ... ... ... (stay) with me then.
Exercise 4. Complete the following dialogue using the Future Indefinite or
the Future Continuous Tenses.
Dan: Can I phone you tomorrow, Suzy?
Suzy: What time?
Dan: Well, I’m not working tomorrow so I 1) ... ... (phone) you at 9 o’clock in the
morning.
Suzy: Oh, no! I 2) ... ... (sleep) then.
Dan: OK. I 3) ... ... (call) you at noon.
Suzy: Well, I 4) ... ... (wash) my hair.
Dan: Perhaps I 5) ... ... (come) and visit you in the afternoon, then. What 6) ... ...
(you/do) around 3 o’clock?
Suzy: I 7) ... ... (get) ready for my aerobics class.
Dan: Well, if I phone you at 5, 8) ... ... (you/be) at home?
Suzy: No, I’m afraid not. I 9) ... ... (visit) my aunt in hospital.
Dan: When can I see you, Suzy?
Suzy: Phone me tomorrow evening. I 10) ... ... (not/do) anything then.
Exercise 5. Put 5 questions to each of the underlined sentences.
1. Don’t phone between 7 and 8. We will be having dinner.
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2. Tomorrow afternoon we’re going to play tennis from 3 o’clock until 4.30.
So at 4 o’clock I will be playing tennis.
3. I am sure you will be still doing the same job in ten years’ time?
4. If you need to contact him, he will be staying at the Lion Hotel until
Friday.
5. This time next week she will be lying on the beach.
Exercise 6. Join the following pairs of sentences with if, when or while.
Mind the use of tenses in the subordinate clause.
1. You will be packing our things. I will be making arrangements over the
telephone. 2. We will come at 12 o’clock. They will be rehearsing the second act.
3. You will ring up at 3 o’clock. I am afraid I will be having a long-distance call
and the line will be engaged. 4. The German students will be having their oral test.
The English students will be writing their examination paper. 5. The ward doctors
will be examining their patients. The professor will make his daily round.
Exercise 7. Choose the correct item.
1. Don’t phone Jim from 5 to 6 – he … English.
a) is having
b) will be having
c) has
2. - I’m not sure I’ll recognize Eve. I haven’t seen her for ages. - She … a dark
blue pullover and jeans.
a) wears
b) is wearing
c) will be wearing
3. I … for my exam on Philosophy all day tomorrow.
a) have been working
b) am working
c) will be working
4. “I wonder if that terrible wind … tomorrow.” – “Oh, yes. The weather forecast
says it … for another two weeks.
a) will blow, will blow
b) will blow, will be c) will blow, blows
blowing
5. After the operation you … any sport for a while.
a) don’t do
b) will not be doing
c) won’t do
6. She ... every day until the end of the month.
a) performs
b) will be performing
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7. We ... to my brother’s house again for Christmas.
a) will be going
b) go
c) are going
8. … you ... the computer for long? I need it.
a) Do ... use
b) Will ... use
c) Will ... be using
9. - Is it alright if I come at about 8.30? - No, I ... the football then.
a) will be watching
b) will watch
c) am watching
10. What time your friends ... tomorrow?
a) do your friends arrive
b) will be your friends c) will your friends be
arriving
arriving
Exercise 8. Translate into English using the Future Continuous Tense, where
possible.
1. Завтра в это время вы будете пересекать Ла-Манш. 2. Вы увидите,
какое незабываемое впечатление производит город, когда вы будете
приближаться к нему со стороны моря. 3. Через минуту он вам будет
рассказывать о своей встрече с чемпионом. 4. Когда мы приедем домой, мама
все еще будет готовить обед, и нам придется подождать. 5. Если вы хотите
застать их, вы должны поторопиться, иначе, боюсь, вы придете в тот момент,
когда они будут уходить. 6. Мы посидим в фойе, пока актеры будут
репетировать последнюю сцену. 7. Теперь я буду заходить к вам чаще. У
меня будет больше свободного времени. 8. Спускайтесь, я вас сейчас догоню.
9. Ровно в 5 утра многие астрономы и любители будут наблюдать солнечное
затмение. 10. Не звоните мне с 3 до 5: я буду работать в лаборатории.
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2.4 Test on the Continuous Tenses
Exercise 1. Choose the correct item.
1. At the moment we … over the desert.
a) are flying
b) flied
c) ’ve flying
2. When I arrived, Tom ... on the sofa and ... over the phone.
a) was liing, speaking
b) was liing, was speaking c)
was
lying,
was
speaking
3. This time tomorrow they … in the train on their way to Chicago.
a) will be sitting
b) are sitting
c) will sit
4. My Dad … overtime this week.
a) works
b) are working
c) is working
5. Why are you in a hurry? If you arrive at 8 o’clock, they … the meal.
a) still are cooking
b) are still be cooking
c) will be still cooking
6. The police caught Dan when he … a shop.
a) was robing
b) was robbing
c) is robbing
7. They … in a rented house these days.
a) were living
b) are living
c) live
8. He ... when you come back tonight.
a) will be sleeping
b) would be sleeping
c) slept
9. He couldn’t speak because he … of laugh.
a) were dying
b) was dying
c) was diing
10. I … for my exam on Philosophy all day tomorrow.
a) have been working
b) am working
c) will be working
Exercise 2. Use the verbs in brackets in the indefinite or continuous forms.
1. Father usually … (drink) coffee in the morning but today he … (drink)
tea. 2. When at last I reached her house Anne just … (leave) and therefore we only
had time for a few words. 3. I never … (wear) hats in summer, but I … (wear) a
hat today because the sun is very hot. 4. When I … (reach) her home, she … (go
away) at once, that is why I had no time to speak to her. 5. John and David …
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(have) a long conversation. I wonder what they … (talk) about. 6. As he … (get)
into the tram, it … (start) suddenly and he … (fall) backwards on the pavement. 7.
“You … (understand) what the lecturer … (say) now?” – “No, I … (not
understand) him at all, though I … (listen) with great attention.” 8. When I …
(hear) his knock a minute ago, I … (go) to the door and … (open) it but I … (not
recognize) him at first, because I … (not wear) my glasses. 9. Suddenly he …
(realize) that he … (travel) in the wrong direction. 10. Hurry up. The train …
(start) at six thirty. 11. I always … (buy) lottery tickets but unfortunately I never …
(win). I … (not buy) any more tickets. 12. Margaret was very extravagant, she
always … (buy) herself new clothes. 13. Why you … (interrupt) me? I … (have)
an amusing conversation with Dick. 14. “When I … (come) to his studio, he …
(paint) the portrait of his wife”. “You … (like) it?” “He only just … (start) when I
… (see) it, so I could not judge”. 15. As we … (walk) along the road we … (hear)
a car coming from behind. Tom … (turn) round and … (hold up) his hand. The car
… (stop). 16. We … (have) visitors tonight, so I must get the dinner ready.
Exercise 3. Translate into English using the Continuous Tense forms.
1. Анна стояла на платформе. Мимо нее пробегали занесенные снегом
люди, кричали разные голоса. Она уже хотела вернуться в вагон, но какой-то
человек стал на ее пути. Она тотчас узнала Вронского. «Я не знала, что вы
едете. Зачем вы едете?» - «Зачем я еду? – повторил он, глядя ей прямо в
глаза, - Вы знаете, я еду для того, чтобы быть там, где вы. Я буду следовать
за вами везде, я не могу иначе.» 2. Миссис Чивли не просила, она ставила
условия. «Завтра в это время я или буду слушать в парламенте вашу речь в
пользу аргентинского канала, или весь свет будет знать, что вы собой
представляете». 3. На крыльце сидела девочка лет девяти и сосредоточенно
смотрела прямо перед собой. Она, казалось, не замечала, что ее маленький
брат, который лежал рядом на ступеньке, громко кричал. По улице по
направлению к дому ехала карета, которая и привлекла внимание девочки.
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3 The Perfect Tenses
3.1 The Present Perfect Tense
Exercise 1. Complete the text with the Present Perfect form of the verbs.
Louvre Donors
Donors and art patrons ... ... (play) a key role in the museum’s history. Of
these, the association known as the Friends of the Louvre is the most important.
Created one hundred years ago, it ... ... (purchase) a considerable number of works
from all periods and schools, many of exceptional artistic value. The museum’s
individual donors include a number of distinguished names that ... ... (become)
closely linked with collection’s history and with the rediscovery of certain painters
or periods. These include La Caze, Moreau-Nelaton, Rothschild, and more
recently, Lemme, Kauffmann, and Schlageter.
Exercise 2. Make up 4 sentences in the Present Perfect Tense according to
pictures 24-27.
Picture 24
Picture 25
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Picture 26
Picture 27
Exercise 3. Open the brackets using the Past Indefinite or the Present
Perfect.
Then and Now
Twenty-five years ago few people 1) …… (realize) that computers were
about to become part of our daily lives. This short period of time 2) …… (see)
enormous changes, in business, education and public administration. Jobs which 3)
…… (take) weeks to complete in the past are now carried out in minutes. People
who 4) …… (spend) all day copying and checking calculations are now free from
these boring tasks. Students 5) …… (become) as familiar with hardware and
software as their parents 6) …… (be) with pencils and exercise books.
Computerisation of public records 7) …… (enable) government departments to
analyze the needs of citizens in detail. Some of us may wonder, however, whether
life 8) …… (really/improve) as a result of these changes. Many jobs 9) ……
(disappear), for example, when intelligent machines 10) …… (take) over the work.
Employers complain that clerical staff 11) …… (become) dependant on calculators
and cannot do simple arithmetic. There are fears that governments 12) ……
(not/do) enough to ensure that personal information held on computers is really
kept secret. Certainly, many people may now be wondering whether the spread of
computers 13)…… (bring) us as many problems as it 14) …… (solve).
Exercise 4. Choose the correct item.
1. I … that point yet.
a) haven’t considered
b) didn’t consider
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2. … you ever … the Queen of Great Britain?
a) Have ... seen
b) Did ... see
c) Had ... see
3. He can’t find a job. He … unemployed for half a year.
a) was
b) has been
c) have been
4. What … you … to find the way out?
a) did ... do
b) have ... done
c) are ... do
5. His spirits … a little. He’s all right now.
a) revived
b) has revived
c) have revived
6. “… anything … from the flat,” asked the policeman.
a) Did ... disappear
b) Have ... disappeared
c) Has ... disappeared
7. “I … the letter you asked about, sir,” said the butler.
a) brought
b) ‘s brought
c) ‘ve brought
8. He … his driving test. He is so happy. He hasn’t been able to pass it for three
years.
a) has just passed
b) have just passed
c) just passed
9. I … my keys. I can’t get in.
a) have lost
b) lost
c) have losed
b) have arrived
c) has arrived
10. The taxi … . Hurry up!
a) arrives
Exercise 5. Choose the correct verb and insert it in the necessary form:
arrive,
break,
go up,
grow,
improve,
lose
a) Mike is looking for his key. He can’t find it. He … his key.
b) Margaret can’t walk and her leg is in plaster. She … her leg.
c) Maria’s English wasn’t very good. Now it’s much better. She … it.
d) Tim didn’t have a beard last week. Now he has a beard. He … it.
e) This morning I was expecting a letter. Now I have it. It … a few minutes
ago.
f) Last week the bus fare was 80 pence. Now it’s 90. It … yesterday.
Exercise 6. Put 5 questions to each of the underlined sentences.
How BP has repeatedly tried to stem the oil leak in the Gulf of Mexico
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BP has seen its shares fall by 9% - as its directors discussed whether to
suspend dividends to shareholders. The firm is under intense pressure from the US
government, which wants BP to use the money to pay for the Gulf of Mexico
clean-up. The cost of cleaning up the spillage has risen to $1.6bn (£1.1bn).
Meanwhile, US lawmakers have accused BP of cutting costs and taking short cuts
in the run-up to the explosion that led to the oil spill in the Gulf.
The Democratic leaders of the US House Energy and Commerce Committee,
Henry Waxman and Bart Stupak, wrote in a letter to BP boss Tony Hayward that
the oil giant took shortcuts that “increased the danger of a catastrophic well
failure”. BP is also facing a raft of lawsuits, some of which have already been
filed. The latest announcement on costs does not include any estimate of potential
legal bills.
The company’s value has almost halved since the Deepwater Horizon rig
exploded on 20 April and sank off the coast of Louisiana, killing 11 workers.
Speaking to the House of Commons, Energy Secretary Chris Huhne said that BP
“remains a strong company with exceptionally strong cashflow and has the
resources to put the right the damage”.
Exercise 7.Choose the most suitable time expression.
a) I haven’t seen Gerry for/since a long time. How is he?
b) It’s ages ago/since I last went to a football match.
c) I’ve written to Deborah last week/recently.
d) What have you been doing today/yesterday?
e) Have you eaten Italian food before/already?
f) Actually I had dinner with Sue last night/lately.
g) Terry hasn’t been to Edinburgh since/when we went there together.
Exercise 8. Fill in the blanks with the correct form of the verbs in brackets
adding just, already, yet.
a. After lunch you go to see a friend at her house. She says “Would you like
something to eat?” You say: No, thank you. I … (have lunch).
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b. Joe goes out. Five minutes later, the phone rings and the caller says: “Can
I speak to Joe?” You say: “I’m afraid he … (go out)”
c. You are eating in a restaurant. The waiter thinks that you have finished
and starts to take your plate away. You say: “Wait a minute. I … (not finish).”
d. You are going to a restaurant this evening. You phone to book a table.
Later your friend says: “Shall I phone to reserve a table?” You say: “No, I … (do)”
Exercise 9. Translate into English using the Present or Past Indefinite, the
Present Continuous or the Present Perfect.
1. Вы перебили меня, и теперь я не помню, на чем я остановился. 2. Я
очень рад, что он согласился с нашим предложением. 3. Мы только что
продали последний экземпляр этой книги. Жаль, что вы раньше нам не
сказали, что она вам нужна 4. Вы зря потратили время на перевод этой
статьи; она не представляет никакого интереса. 5. Он никогда не вмешивался
в мои дела, и я ему за это благодарна. 6. Его никак нельзя было назвать
благодарным; хотя он всегда охотно выслушивал других, но сам почти
никогда не задавал вопросов. 7. Ваш друг уже рассказал мне, в чем дело, и я
думаю, что смогу помочь вам. 8. Я не спрашивал его ни о чем; он сам мне все
рассказал. 9. Он только что звонил на вокзал и узнал, что поезд еще не
пришел. 10. Я узнал ваш телефон в справочном бюро и звонил вам несколько
раз, но никто не отвечал.
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3.2 The Past Perfect Tense
Exercise 1. Complete the text with the Past Perfect form of the verbs.
The FRIENDS Phenomenon
Everybody loves their friends. But do you love Friends? If you are one of
the half a billion people that have seen this hugely popular American TV show
then the answer is probably "yes".
By far the most successful and profitable
comedy series of recent times, Friends has been
shown in more than thirty countries around the world.
The series has been nominated for a record number of
forty-four Emmys, American TV’s equivalent of the
Oscars. The previously unknown actors who play the
main characters are now international household
names and multi-millionaires.
Although popular with the public, Friends has
not always been a hit with the critics. Some found it hard to believe in these young
people who, although supposedly doing very ordinary jobs, seemed to lead lives of
endless leisure in unfeasibly large apartments. And it didn’t escape notice that over
the years the producers began to become more and more dependent on bringing in
new characters and guest stars in order to keep the show fresh. As a result there
seemed to be an endless stream of new or ex-boyfriends or girlfriends appearing.
The focus on the six main characters, which 1) … (provide) the magic ingredient in
the show’s early success, began to be lost. Most critics agreed that by the tenth
series the show 2) … (run) out of steam and the announcement that episode
number 238 would be the last came as no great surprise.
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Exercise 2. Make up 4 sentences in the Past Perfect Tense according to
picture 28-31.
Picture 28
Picture 29
Picture 30
Picture 31
Exercise 3. Make up sentences following the example.
a) We came to the stadium. The football match started.
When we came to the stadium the football match had already started.
1) She phoned me. I packed my luggage. 2) I found her carriage. She got off
the train. 3) I returned home. The guests left. 4) We got to the station.
Our train went out. 5) I went home. My son went to the cinema. 6) I
phoned Lucy. She left the house.
b) The inspector examined my suitcases. I went to the train.
After the inspector had examined my suitcases I went to the train.
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1) He had diner. He went to the movies. 2) She wrote the letter. She went to
the post-office. 3) He finished work. He left the office. 4) He saw his
friend off. He returned home. 5) She felt badly. She took some pills.
c) The train stopped. We went out.
The train had stopped before we went out.
1) She got off the train. I reached the platform. 2) She passed all her exams.
She left for Miami. 3) I listened to the news. I began to do my exercises.
4) She studied English well. We went to London. 5) We returned home.
The TV program began.
d) I booked a ticket. I phoned Bill.
As soon as I had booked a ticket I phoned Bill.
1) He reserved a room at the hotel. He went to the post-office. 2) He paid the
bill. He left the hotel. 3) She finished work. She went out for a walk. 4) I
cooked dinner. I began to lay the table.
e) Mike came home. His son repaired the TV set.
By the time Mike came home his son had already repaired the TV set.
1) The boss returned. The secretary typed the documents. 2) I got to the
station at 6. My friend booked the tickets. 3) He came home. His wife
made supper. 4) She phoned me. I packed my suitcases. 5) We reached
the station. The train left.
Exercise 4. Complete the sentences with the Past Perfect or Past Indefinite
forms of the verbs.
1) The house was very quiet when I got home. Everybody … (go) to bed. 2)
I felt very tired when I got home. So I … (go) straight to bed. 3) Mary looked
happy. She said she … (find) her ring. 4) Julia … (not/ finish) work when Jim got
to the office. 5) I … (finish) my homework at six and went out for a walk. 6) Jane
… (wash) the dishes, dried them and put them into the cupboard. 7) Tom called me
this afternoon and invited me to go out for a walk, but I couldn't as I … (not/ wash)
the windows yet. 8) From downstairs … (come) the sound of a radio playing a
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song he (never/ hear) before. 9) He … (re-read) what he … (write). 10) I …
(intend) to visit Mary after dinner because I … (arrange) this visit the day before.
Exercise 5. Fill in the blanks with the correct form of the verbs in brackets.
Mr. Boxell 1) … just (shut) his shoe shop at the end of the day when he saw
a man in a well-cut suit 2) … (walk) in. The man 3) … (want) Mr. Boxell 4) …
(show) him an expensive pair of shoes. There was something about the way the
man 5) … (walk) that 6) … (make) Mr. Boxell 7) … (feel) suspicious. He 8) …
(think) he 9) … (see) the man before somewhere and then he 10) … (remember)
where. Mr. Boxell 11) … (come) across his photo in a magazine and 12) … (see)
him on TV. The man 13) … (be) a criminal and 14) … (want) by the police.
“If I 15) … (sell) him shoes that 16) … (be) not comfortable, he 17) …
(return) 18) …(change) them,” Mr. Boxell 19) … (think). “But I 20) … (be) not
sure I 21) … (be) able 22) … (sell) them to him.” Then Mr. Boxell 23) … (decide)
that he 24) … (try).
The man 25) … (try) on a few pairs of shoes before he 26) … (buy) the pair
that Mr. Boxell strongly 27) … (recommend). “They 28) … (be) a bit tight,” he
complained. “They 29) … (stretch), sir” Mr. Boxell said. “Just 30) … (buy) them.
You 31) … never (regret) it. What size 32) … you (wear), sir? 33) … I (wrap)
them for you?” “O.K. 34) … (do) it” answered the man.
As Mr. Boxell 35) … (expect), the man 36) … (limp) into the shop the next
day 37) … (complain) about the shoes. As he 38) … (enter) the shop he 39) …
(surround) by the police. Mr. Boxell said: “I 40) … (do) it! Yesterday I
deliberately 41) … (sell) the man a pair of shoes that 42)… (be) a size too small. I
43) … (know) he 44) … (bring) them back the next day.
Exercise 6. Choose the correct item.
1. During the holidays I decided to visit the town where I … a long time ago.
a) lived
b) had lived
c) was living
2. When she came home her mother told her that she … a letter from her friend.
a) have
b) had
c) had had
3. When we entered the theatre the performance … already.
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a) began
b) have begun
c) had begun
4. By the time we came to visit him he … already.
a) had left
b) have left
c) left
5. He said he … the film already.
a) saw
b) had seen
c) have seen
6. I heard that Peter … to Mary.
a) proposed
b) have proposed
c) had proposed
7. She said that by six o’clock she … her work.
a) finished
b) had finished
c) have finished
8. I thought he … back already.
a) came
b) have come
c) had come
9. He said they … tennis yesterday.
a) have played
b) played
c) had played
10. When Mary appeared in the room, the guests … round the table already.
a) sitted
b) had sat
c) has sat
Exercise 7. Translate into English using the Past Indefinite, the Past
Continuous or the Past Perfect Tense.
1. Она дала мне письмо только после того, как я сказал свое имя. 2. Никто не
говорил ей, как тяжело она была больна, до тех пор, пока она не выздоровела. 3.
Нам сообщили, что самолет, который только что прилетел в Новосибирск, вылетит
в Иркутск через полчаса. 4. За столом напротив меня сидел седой человек, который
несколько десятков лет тому назад был знаменит как путешественник, а теперь был
не меньше известен как писатель. 5. Преподаватель сказал, что его произношение
значительно улучшилось, после того как он несколько раз позанимался в
лингафонном кабинете. 6. Когда приехала скорая помощь, спасательная команда
еще не поднялась из шахты. 7. Строитель показал своим иностранным друзьям
мост, в строительстве которого он сам принимал участие в 1948 года. 8. Когда он
прочел письмо, он поднес его к свече и наблюдал за тем, как оно горело. 9. После
того как актриса сняла грим, я увидел усталое лицо человека, который тяжело
поработал. 10. Все уже было готово к отъезду, а машина еще не пришла.
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3.3 The Future Perfect Tense
Exercise 1. Complete the sentences with the Future Perfect form of the
verbs.
1. By the time we reach home, the rain ... ... ... (stop). 2. If she doesn’t get
there by 6, Jack ... ... ... (leave). 3. By the time you come here, I ... ... ... (finish) the
decorating. 4. If you arrive late at the sale, the best things ... ... ... (go). 5. Phone me
after 8 o’clock. We ... ... ... (finish) dinner by then. 6. Ben is on holiday and he is
spending his money very quickly. If he continues like this, he ... ... ... (spend) all
his money before the end of his holiday. 7. Lisa is from New Zealand. She is
travelling around Europe at the moment. So far she has travelled about 1,000
miles. By the end of the trip, she ... ... ... (travel) more than 3,000 miles. 8. Next
year they ... ... ... (be married) for 25 years. 9. Sally always leaves for work at 8.30
in the morning. She won’t be at home at 9 o’clock – she ... ... ... (go) to work. 10.
Three hours from now, the cinema will be empty. The film ... ... ... (finish).
Everybody ... ... ... (go) home. 11. Tom and Ann are going to the cinema. The film
begins at 7.30 and it's already 7.20 and it will take them 20 minutes to get there.
When they get there the film … … … (start). 12. Peter is on holiday. He has very
little money and he spends it too much and too quickly. Before the end of his
holiday he … … … (spend) all his money. 13. Mike came to Britain nearly three
years ago. Next Monday it will be exactly three years since he arrived. Next
Monday he … … … (be) in Britain exactly three years. 14. The train arrives at six.
Peter thinks it arrives at 6.30. It's six o’clock now. Peter is on his way to the station
to meet his mother. By the time he reaches the station his mother … … … (get) off
the train. 15. I know Janet. By the end of the month I … … … (know) her a whole
year.
Exercise 2. Insert the verb phrases in the box in the correct places in the email.
’ll be waiting
won’t be going
’ll be revising
’ll have left
’ll have been
’ll have finished
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Sat. 23rd
Hi Antonio,
I can hardly believe it – but by next Friday afternoon, I 1) … all my exams!
Until then, I’m completely up to my eyes in revision. I 2) … for my exams the
whole of this weekend and then every spare minute I get next week. I really can’t
wait to get them all out of the way.
I’m really excited though, because
I’ve booked a holiday for immediately
after. In fact, this time next week, I 3) …
for my flight to Crete. I’m going with
Daniel – we’ve both been there before and
loved it. After this holiday, we 4) … there
four times! Anyway, that’s why I’m
writing really. I just wanted to know if you 5) … your job by then. If you have,
why don’t you come with us? I know it’s short notice, but it would be great if you
could come.
Let me know as soon as you can. Either e-mail me or phone anytime. I 6) …
to bed early tonight because I’ve got so much to do. Really hope you can come.
Gianni.
Exercise 3. Complete the sentences using a Future Perfect or Future
Continuous form of a verb from the box. Use the pronoun you if necessary.
ask
finish
watch
repair
sunbathe
travel
clean
visit
1. Maria _______________ all the rooms by the time the guests arrive.
2. By this time next week I ________________ on a beach in the Maldives.
3. ___________ your brother play football on Saturday?
4. Do you think the engineer _________ my computer by this afternoon?
5. By the end of the journey she ___________ more than 20000 miles.
6. __________ preparing those figures in time for the directors’ meeting?
7. __________ your half-sister while you’re in the States?
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8. During the lunch break tomorrow I __________ everybody to fill in a
special questionnaire.
Exercise 4. Make up 4 sentences in the Future Perfect Tense according to
pictures 32-35.
Picture 32
Picture 33
Picture 34
Picture 35
Exercise 5. Put the verb into the correct form, the Future Continuous or the
Future Perfect.
1. Don’t phone me between 7 and 8. ___________(we/have) dinner then.
2. Phone me after 8 o’clock. _____________ (we/finish) dinner by then.
3. Tomorrow afternoon we’re going to play tennis from 3 o’clock until 4.30.
So at 4 o’clock, _____________ (we/play) tennis.
4. A: Can we meet tomorrow afternoon?
B: Not in the afternoon. _____________ (I/work).
5. В: I have to go to a meeting which begins at 10 o’clock. It will last about
an hour.
A: Will you be free at 11.30?
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B: Yes, _____________ (the meeting/finish) by that time.
6. Tom is on holiday and he is spending his money very quickly. If he
continues like this, _____________ (he/spend) all his money before the end of his
holiday.
7. Chuck came to Britain from the USA nearly three years ago. Next
Monday it will be exactly three years. So on Monday, _____________ (he/be) in
Britain for exactly three years.
8. Do you think _____________ (you/still/do) the same job in ten years’
time?
9. Jane is from New Zealand. She is travelling around Europe at the
moment. So far she has travelled about 1,000 miles. By the end of the trip,
_____________ (she/travel) more than 3,000 miles.
10. If you need to contact me, _____________ (I/stay) at the Lion Hotel
until Friday.
Exercise 6. Fill in the blanks with the correct Future form of the verbs in
brackets.
1. Tom is on holiday and he is spending his money very quickly. If he continues
like this, ___ (he/spend) all his money before the end of his holiday. 2. Tomorrow
afternoon we’re going to play tennis from 3 o'clock until 4.30. So at 4 o’clock,
____ (we/play) tennis. 3. Do you think _____________ (you/still/do) the same job
in ten years’ time? 4. If you need to contact me, _____________ (I/stay) at the
Lion Hotel until Friday. 5. A: Can we meet tomorrow afternoon? B: Not in the
afternoon. ___ (I/work). 6. Jane is from New Zealand. She is travelling around
Europe at the moment. So far she has travelled about 1,000 miles. By the end of
the trip, ___ (she/travel) more than 3,000 miles. 7. Phone me after 8 o'clock. ____
(we/finish) dinner by then. 8. The teacher _____________ (to correct) our
dictations in the evening. 9. You _____________ (to take) your examination next
week. 10. I _____________ (to do) the exercises in the afternoon.
Exercise 7. Choose the correct item.
1. We … decorating the room before you get back.
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a) ’ll finish
b) have finished
c) will have finished
2. By the end of August we … .
a) ’ll have moved
b) would move
c) will move
3. He … by Monday, so try to get in touch with him earlier if you really want to
speak to him about that.
a) is leaving
b) will have left
c) will leave
4. I hope they … this unpleasant episode by the time they meet again.
a) will have forgotten
b) ’ll be forgotten
c) forget
5. I hope we … the market research by January.
a) will do
b) will have done
c) are doing
6. By the time I come they ….
a) will have gone
b) will be going
c) will go
7. “It is snowing heavily. Have you listened to the weather forecast for tomorrow?”
– “I hope it … snowing by tomorrow.”
a) will stop
b) will have stopped
c) would stop
8. Let’s hope the volcanic eruption … before we arrive at the island.
a) finishes
b) will finish
c) will have finished
9. By the time you get home I … the house from top to bottom.
a) will have cleaned
b) clean
c) be cleaning
10. John is going to spend a year away from his family in Peru. By the time he sees
his children again he … what they look like.
a) will be forgetting
b) will have forgotten
c) will forget
Exercise 8. Translate into English using the necessary tense forms.
1. К четырем часам мы будем дома. 2. Его секретарь напечатает доклад
к концу следующей недели. 3. Я выполню перевод к 5 вечера. 4. Приходите
завтра утром, к этому времени я запишу вам фильм. 5. К концу этой недели
он купит машину.
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3.4 Test on the Perfect Tenses
Exercise 1. Choose the correct item.
1. Since then I … my job several time.
a) changed
b) has changed
c) have changed
2. We … the camp by 10 o’clock, I believe.
a) have reached
b) were reaching
c) will have reached
3. Hardly … she … these words when a beautiful young lady … in the room.
a) did ... say, appeared
b) had ... said, appeared
c) had ... said, had
appeared
4. Mary isn’t at home. She … to work.
a) went
b) was
c) has gone
5. Miss Higley said that Elizabeth … friendly in working hours, but the girls …
much of her out of them.
a) was, didn’t see
b) had been, hadn’t seen
c) had been, didn’t see
6. I hope, we … half of our way by tomorrow.
a) will have drived
b) are driving
c) ’ll have driven
b) Are ... travelled
c) Did ... travel
7. … you ever … to Africa?
a) Have ... travelled
8. If we don’t hurry, the party … before we get there.
a) will have finished
b) finishes
c) finish
9. Poirot … her if Mrs. Ascher … any peculiar letters without a proper signature.
a) had asked, had received b) asked, received
c) asked, had received
10. Nick and Sally … each other since their school years.
a) have known
b) has knowed
c) knew
Exercise 2. Translate into English using the Perfect Tense forms.
1. У вас был когда-нибудь опыт подобной работы? 2. Он еще не решил, что
ему делать. 3. Он вошел в комнату и сказал, что только что обыграл своего
друга в теннис. 4. Он поступил в университет, после того как поработал под
руководством видного физиолога. 5. Они все детально запланировали,
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прежде чем отправиться в экспедицию. 6. Вы бывали когда-нибудь на
Кавказе? – Да. – Вы, конечно, видели озеро Рица? – Да, я никогда не видел
ничего более красивого. 8. Не знаю, напишет ли он статью к первому
сентября. 9. Если она будет готова к тому времени, мы ее напечатаем. 10. Я
только что нашел способ, как решить эту задачу. 11. Он узнал меня, только
после того как я помнил ему, где мы с ним встречались. 12. Было уже десять
часов вечера, а сумерки еще не наступили. 13. В сентябре этого года
исполнится 5 лет, как они женаты. 14. Прошло уже два года, как он уехал, и с
тех пор он нам не пишет, и никто его не встречал. 15. В этом году студия
Мосфильм дублировала ряд иностранных фильмов.
Exercise 3. Make up a story according to the picture 36 (not less than 10
sentences) in English using the Perfect Tense forms.
Picture 36
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4 The Perfect Continuous Tenses
4.1 The Present Perfect Continuous Tense
Exercise 1. Complete the letter with the Present Perfect Continuous form of
the verbs.
Dear Linda,
I’m glad to hear that you are enjoying yourself in Australia. Things at home
are the same as usual. Your father ... ... ... (work) very hard. Susan has just passed
her driving test. Alex hasn’t written for weeks, probably because he ... ... ... (study)
very hard for his exams. Uncle Tom ... ... ... (build) a shed in the garden. I think it
will be ready next month. Mr. Brown ... ... ... (feel) well recently. He has visited the
doctor four times this month. The dog has had three puppies. Mrs. Smith hasn’t
opened her shop yet. The decorators ... ... ... (paint) it for weeks. I hope you enjoy
the rest of your stay in Australia. Have you seen the famous Opera House yet?
Tina sends her love. Write to me soon.
Love, Mum.
Exercise 2. Make up 4 sentences in the Present Perfect Continuous Tense
according to pictures 37-40.
Picture 37
Picture 37
Picture 38
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Picture 39
Picture 40
Exercise 3. Complete the conversation with the verbs from the box in the
correct form: the Present Perfect or the Present Perfect Continuous. In some cases
both forms are possible. You need to use some of the verbs more than once. Read
the whole conversation before you begin.
be
come
do
drive
find
have
look
Jane is being interviewed by Mrs Carr for a job working with young children.
Mrs Carr: Come in, Jane. Please sit down. Would you like coffee?
Jane: Thank you, actually I 1) ... just ... one.
Mrs Carr: Oh, good. Do you know this area at all?
Jane: Quite well. I’ve got friends who live in this town, so I 2) ... ... here for
holidays since I was a child. I’m staying with them at the moment actually.
Mrs Carr: Oh, that’s nice. And do you have a driving
license?
Jane: Yes, I 3) ... ... for four years now.
Mrs Carr: And would you say you’re a careful driver?
Jane: Yes, I think so. At least I 4) ... never ... an accident.
Mrs Carr: Good. Now, could you tell me why you think
you would be right for this job?
Jane: Well, I 5) ... always ... interested in working with small children. And I 6) ...
... two holiday jobs looking after children.
Mrs Carr: How do you think you would cope in an emergency?
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Jane: I’m quite a calm person, I think. I 7) ... ... a first aid course too. I got a
certificate.
Mrs Carr: That’s good. Now, this job isn’t permanent, as you know. We need
someone for about a year. How would that fit with your long-term plans?
Jane: I’d like to work abroad eventually. But I want some full-time experience
first. I 8) ... ... a Nursery Teacher’s course this year. We finish next week, in fact.
Mrs Carr: When would you be able to start?
Jane: As soon as I finish my course.
Mrs Carr: Excellent. And would you live with your friends?
Jane: Well, probably not. I want to rent a small flat. I 9) ... ... in the paper every
day, but I 10) ... ... (not) anything yet.
Mrs Carr: Well, if you get the job, we’ll try to help you. Now, would you like to
come and meet some of the children?
Jane: Oh, yes.
Mrs Carr: All right, follow me, please.
Exercise 4. Tick (V) the sentences which are correct. In some pairs one
sentence is correct. In other pairs, both sentences are correct.
1. She’s had a headache all day
She’s been having a headache all day
2. I’ve wanted a dog for a long time
I’ve been wanting a dog for a long time
3. They’ve eaten lunch
They’ve been eating lunch
4. I’ve known her for two years
I’ve been knowing her for two years
5. She has been very helpful
She has been being very helpful
6. He’s tasted the soup
He’s been tasting the soup
7. They’ve seen this film before
They’ve been seeing this film before
8. I’ve seen a throat specialist
I’ve been seeing a throat specialist
9. We’ve realized where we are now
We’ve been realizing where we are now
10. It’s belonged to us for many years
It’s been belonging to us for many years
11. He’s explained the plan to us
He’s been explaining the plan to us
12. You’ve broken my pen
You’ve been breaking my pen
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Exercise 5. Replace the infinitives by the Present Perfect, the Present Perfect
Continuous or the Present Continuous.
1. This short-sighted man … (lose) his spectacles. We … (look) for them
everywhere but we can’t find them. 2. You ever … (act) as interpreter? – Yes, that
is what I … (do) for the last five months. 3. A skilful photographer … (help) me
with development of films for two weeks, but we … (develop) only half my
summer films. 4. They … (make) up their quarrel? – I don’t know. I only know
that they … (not be) on speaking terms since September. 5. I … (try) to get into
contact with them for a long time, but now I … (give) it up as hopeless. 6. Our
pilot … (ask) for permission to take off for ten minutes already, but we … (get) no
answer yet. 7. The workers … (work) very hard these two weeks, they … (be) busy
with the interior decoration of the house. 8. I … (call) at the box-office of the Maly
Theatre several times in the course of the last weeks, but I … (not have) your luck
and I … (not get) any tickets. 9. Now that the picture … (appear) everybody can
see what thorough work the producer and the camera-man … (do). 10. You … (be)
of great help to us since you (be) with us.
Exercise 6. Fill in the blanks with the correct present form of the verbs in
brackets.
Sam is the captain of his local football team. He’s talking to his brother, Dave.
Sam: Dave, I’m worried about the team.
Dave: But why? You 1) ... ... (win) every game this season.
Sam: Yeah, we 2) ... ... (be) very lucky. That’s what 3) ... ... (cause) me problems
now.
Dave: How come?
Sam: Well, we 4) ... ... (practise) twice a
week this season and that 5) ... ...
(really/make) a difference. Now, some of
the guys say that’s not necessary because
we 6) ... ... (always/win). I’m afraid that if
we 7) ... ... (not/practise) so often, we may lose our matches. We 8) ... ... (play)
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with Donnington on Saturday and everyone 9) ... ... (agree) they’re a really strong
team. The trouble is, we 10) ... ... (not/practise) since Monday.
Dave: I can see you 11) ... ... (have) a problem. What can you do?
Sam: I think the problem is really Colin.
Dave: The big guy who 12) ... ... (play) for you since last season?
Sam: Yes. He 13) ... ... (usually/score) most of our goals. Since the summer he 14)
... ... (arrive) for training really late. When I try to talk to him, he 15) ... ... (refuse)
to listen to what I 16) ... ... (say).
Dave: Well, tell him he can’t play if he 17) ... ... (not/listen) to you.
Sam: I guess I’ll have to. I 18) ... ... (not/like) it. What if he gets angry and leaves
the team?
Dave: I’m sure he won’t.
Sam: I 19) ... ... (hope) not.
Exercise 7. Choose the correct item.
1. We … to the theatre since last month.
a) haven’t gone
b) haven’t been going
c) hasn’t gone
2. My friends and I … since 2 o’clock.
a) have sunbathed
b) have been sunbathing
c) has been sunbathing
3. Sally … news since she left university.
a) has been reporting
b) has reported
c) have reported
4. Jane is abroad. She … three countries.
a) have already visited
b) has already been
c) has already visited
visiting
5. I want to buy a new flat. I … money for ages.
a) has been saving
b) have been saving
c) have saved
6. Jack is cold. He … for too long.
a) have been swimming
b) has been swimming
c) has swum
7. Den … championships before.
a) has never won
b) hasn’t never won
c) has never been winning
8. I don’t want to go out. The cold wind … since morning.
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a) has blown
b) have been blowing
c) has been blowing
9. How long … this research?
a) have you been making
b) has you been making
c) have you made
10. Cathy … since 2 o’clock. She is exhausted.
a) has driven
b) have been driving
c) has been driving
Exercise 8. Translate into English using the Present Perfect Continuous
Tense.
1. Я уже три дня об этом думаю. 2. Моя сестра пьет кофе без сахара. А
я всегда предпочитала с молоком. 3. Мы очень рады вас видеть. Мы вас
ждали целый месяц. 4. Вы все еще читаете эту книгу? Сколько времени вы ее
уже читаете? 5. Моя сестра занимается танцами уже пять лет. 6. Я ищу тебя
весь вечер. Где ты был все это время? 7. Они пишут экзамен уже два часа. 8.
Мы знаем друг друга уже пять лет. 9. Я всегда хотела изучать английский
язык. 10. Где она? — Она уже два часа дома. 11. Где дети? — Они все еще
играют во дворе. 12. Мой брат уже три года дизайнер. 13. Мой друг знает
английский с детства. 14. Я уже полчаса читаю эту книжку. 15. Ваш брат еще
болен? — Нет, он уже поправился. Он уже три дня занимается в
университете. 16. Мне хочется посетить Мадрид. 17. Она уже десять минут
пытается найти свою сумку. 18. Они уже десять лет живут в Нью-Йорке. 19.
Моя тетя — врач. Она всегда любила помогать людям. 20. Ваш брат уже
вернулся с отпуска? — Да, он уже неделю, как дома.
Exercise 9. Translate into English using Present Indefinite, the Present
Continuous, Present Perfect or the Present Perfect Continuous Tenses.
1. Они второй день играют ту же партию; они сделали уже 75 ходов. 2.
Дирижер еще не вышел, а оркестранты уже на своих местах и настраивают
инструменты. 3. Неужели эта книга все еще у него? Сколько времени он ее
читает? 4. Он закончил первую главу диссертации и пишет вторую. 5. Он
наш тренер, с тех пор как я играю в этой команде. 6. Уже 20 лет, как я живу в
этом городе, а в сентябре исполнится ровно девять лет, как я преподаю в
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университете. 7. Теперь, когда мы проработали столько времени и приобрели
достаточный опыт и знания, мы видим, чему нам еще нужно научиться.
4.2 The Past Perfect Continuous Tense
Exercise 1. Read the situations and make sentences from the words in
brackets in the Past Perfect Continuous Tense.
1. I was very tired when I arrived home. (I / work / hard all day) I had been
working hard all day.
2. The two boys came into the house. They had a football and they were both
very tired, (they / play / football) _________________________________.
3. There was nobody in the room but there was a smell of cigarettes, (somebody
/ smoke / in the room) _________________________________.
4. Ann woke up m the middle of the night. She was frightened and didn't know
where she was. (she / dream) _________________________________.
5. When I got home, Mike was sitting in front of the TV. He had just turned it off.
(he / watch / TV) _________________________________.
Exercise 2. Read the situations and complete the sentences as in the
example.
1. We played tennis yesterday. Half an hour after we began playing, it started to
rain.
We had been playing for half an hour when it started to rain.
2. I had arranged to meet Tom in a restaurant. I arrived and waited for him.
After 20 minutes I suddenly realized that I was in the wrong restaurant.
I
_______________________
for
20
minutes
when
I
____________________________.
3. Sarah got a job in a factory. Five years later the factory closed down. At the
time the factory ________________________, Sarah ___________________
there for five years.
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4. I went to a concert last week. The orchestra began playing. After about ten
minutes a man in the audience suddenly began shouting.
The
orchestra
______________________________________
when
____________________.
Exercise 3. Make up 3 sentences in the Past Perfect Continuous Tense
according to pictures 41-43.
Picture 41
Picture 42
Picture 43
Exercise 4. In a murder investigation, some suspects were asked by police
what they had been doing at 8 o’clock the previous evening. They all told lies.
Write sentences to explain what they told the police they had been doing, and what
they had actually been doing. Example:
Mrs. Oliver said she had been reading, but in fact she had been watching the
neighbours through binoculars.
Name
Lies
Truth
Mrs Oliver
reading
watching neighbours through binoculars
Mr. Lucas
watching TV
stealing cars
Mrs Allen
talking on the phone
making a bomb
Mr. Nash
washing clothes
forging £ 5 notes
Alice
playing cards
selling drugs
Pete
studying chemistry
fighting
Aunt Jane
writing letters
planning a bank robbery
Miss Fry
washing her hair
out dancing with her sister’s boyfriend
Rob
painting his flat
playing roulette
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Exercise 5. Choose the best variant: Past Perfect Continuous or Past
Continuous Tense.
1. I … (have) breakfast when the telephone rang. 2. She … (shout) at her child for
a few minutes before she could stop. 3. Jack … (drive) his car when the accident
happened. 4. Jack … (drive) his car for thirty minutes when he saw a body on the
road. 5. We … (talk) for some time before the telephone rang. 6. The children …
(do) their homework for two hours when their mother called them to dinner. 7.
When she entered the room her friends … (make) plans about the future holiday. 8.
The servant told him that the stranger … (wait) for him for about an hour. 9. How
long … (be) dating before you got married? 10. When we arrived all the people …
(go) home.
Exercise 6. Can you explain the difference between these pairs of sentences?
Picture 44 can help you.
1. a. When I last went to Moscow, they
had renovated St Basil’s Cathedral.
b. When I last went to Moscow, they had
been renovating St Basil’s Cathedral.
2. a. Although she tried to hide her face, I
could see that Clara was crying.
Picture 44
b. Although she tried to hide her face, I could see that Clara had been crying.
Exercise 7. Choose the best variant: Past Perfect Continuous or Past Perfect
Tense.
1. The children looked tired. They … (walk) since early morning. 2. The boy
told his mother what he … (do). 3. The front door looked new after John … (paint)
it. 4. Our village was covered with snow. It … (snow) hard the previous night. 5. I
thought they … (move) to another town. 6. When we came to the railway station,
the train … (arrive). 7. He … (travel) in China for two months before he found that
ancient monastery. 8. By six o’clock he … (fix) the washing machine. 9. Mary’s
clothes were wet. She … (wash) her dog. 10. After the writer … (publish) his last
novel, he became famous.
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Exercise 8. Fill in the blanks with the most suitable form of the verbs in
brackets, Past Continuous, Past Perfect or Past Perfect Continuous.
1. It was very noisy next door. Our neighbors were having (have) a party.
2. We were good friends. We had known (know) each other for a long time.
3. John and I went for a walk. I had difficulty keeping up with him because he
__________ (walk) so fast.
4. Mary was sitting on the ground. She was out of breath. She
________________ (run).
5. When I arrived, everybody was sitting round the table with their mouths full.
They _______________ (eat).
6. When I arrived, everybody was sitting round the table and talking. Their
mouths
were
empty
but
their
stomachs
were
full.
They
_______________________ (eat).
7. Jim was on his hands and knees on the floor. He___________________(look)
for his contact lens.
8. When I arrived, Kate _________________ (wait) for me. She was rather
annoyed with me because I was late and she ______________________
(wait) for a very long time.
9. I was sad when I sold my car. I __________________ (have) it for a very
long time.
10. We were extremely tired at the end of the journey. We ___________________
(travel) for more than 24 hours.
Exercise 9. Put the verbs into the correct past form.
Kylie has called to see her boyfriend Gary. They are both angry.
Gary: Kylie, I’m surprised to see you.
Kylie: Yeah? Well, I think you owe me an explanation.
Gary: What about you? I 1) ... ... (see) you in the café last night. We 2) ... ...
(arrange) to meet at the cinema, if you remember.
Kylie: So why 3) ... ... ... (you/not/come) into the café if you saw me?
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Gary: I 4) ... ... (be) too angry. And cold. I 5) ... ... (wait) outside the cinema for
three-quarters of an hour.
Kylie: But why? 6) ... ... (you/not/get) my note?
Gary: What note?
Kylie: The note I 7) ... ... (leave) here yesterday afternoon.
Gary: What are you talking about?
Kylie: I 8) ... ... (go) past the cinema yesterday lunchtime when I 9) ... ... (notice)
that they 10) ... ... (change) the film. So I 11) ... ... (put) a note under your door to
tell you.
Gary: I 12) ... ... (not/find) a note.
Kylie: It must be here. Let me look. Yes, it’s here, under the mat.
Gary: Oh, right. I’m sorry I was angry. It’s just that, well, while I 13) ... ... (wait), I
14) ... ... (worry) about what 15) ... ... (happen) to you. Then I 16) ... ... (see) you in
the café. You 17) ... ... (laugh) with your friends and I 18) ... ... (realize) that you
19) ... ... (sit) there in the warm with them all evening. That’s why I 20) ... ... (lose)
my temper.
Kylie: Never mind. Let’s forget it. Where shall we go now?
Gary: What’s on at the cinema, then?
Kylie: A new musical. My sister 21) ... ... (see) it yesterday. She 22) ... ... (sing) the
theme song all morning.
Gary: Oh, you must be tired of hearing it.
Kylie: I am. Let’s just go and have something to eat, shall we?
Gary: Yes, that’s a good idea.
Exercise 10. Read the story of Hannibal and choose the correct alternative.
Until the 3rd century BC, Carthage 1)
was being/had been a powerful city which
controlled most of the Mediterranean Sea. For
the
previous
few
hundred
years,
the
Carthaginians 2) had been trading/traded with
people in India and the Mediterranean area.
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There 3) had been/were many battles between the Romans and the Carthaginians
to try to control the area. Although Carthage 4) had been taking/had taken control
of many important places, they 5) weren’t managing/hadn’t managed to take
Sicily, the island on their doorstep. So, when the Romans won total control of
Sicily, Carthage 6) decided/was deciding to attack Rome.
The leader of the attack 7) was/had been a brilliant young general called
Hannibal. He had forty war elephants, trained to charge at the enemy. As
Hannibal’s army 8) was marching/had been marching northwards towards the
Alps, soldiers from Spain and other areas 9) joined/had joined them. The icy
mountains were difficult to cross, however, and by the time they 10) reached/were
reaching Italy in 218 BC, many of his soldiers and elephants 11) had died/had
been dying. They famously 12) won/were winning three battles but in the end the
Romans were stronger and they took the city of Carthage.
Exercise 11. Choose the correct item.
1. While I … the dishes last night, I dropped a plate and broke it.
a) washed
b) was washing
c) had been washing
2. The two boys came into the house. One had a black eye and the other a cut lip.
They … .
a) had been fighting
b) had fought
c) were fighting
3. He had been away for many years and when he visited his native town, he saw
that it … greatly.
a) had been changing
b) had changed
c) changed
4. Our neighbours called the police when they found out that somebody … into
their house.
a) broke
b) had broken
c) had been breaking
5. Dinosaurs were the largest animals ever to live on earth, and they … the Earth
for a very long period of time.
a) had ruled
b) ruled
c) had been ruling
6. Alan … out almost every day last year, but now he can’t afford it.
a) had eaten
b) used to eat
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7. Sam says he didn’t enjoy the program because the TV set … properly.
a) wasn’t working
b) hadn’t worked
c) hadn’t been working
8. Margaret didn’t wear her shoes; she was barefoot. She … on a piece of broken
glass and cut her foot.
a) had stepped
b) stepped
c) had been stepping
9. He didn’t see me as he was reading when I … into the room.
a) had come
b) came
c) had been coming
10. Her face was stained with tears and her eyes were red. She … .
a) was crying
b) had been crying
c) had cried
Exercise 12. Translate from Russian into English using the suitable past
form of the verb.
1. Мне пришлось дать ему взаймы некоторую сумму денег, когда я
узнал, что он не заплатил по счетам. 2. Она вернулась в родной дом, где так
много времени проводила с друзьями. 3. Сью достаточно быстро крутила
педали, пока не доехала до горы. 4. По запаху в комнате и его виноватому
виду я понял, что Алекс курил сигару. 5. Директор вызвал Кармен в свой
кабинет, потому что она не посещала занятия. 6. Он сказал полиции, что не
собирался воровать машину, он думал, что она принадлежит его брату. 7. На
дороге было очень скользко, так как недавно прошел дождь. 8. Мы
остановились на ночь раньше, чем планировали, и развели костер. 9. Они
провели в лесу целый день, собирали цветы, лежали на траве и отдыхали. 10.
Что вы делали, когда я вам позвонил?
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4.3 The Future Perfect Continuous Tense
Exercise 1. Complete the sentences with the Future Perfect Continuous form
of the verbs.
1. How long … (work) here next year?
2. By 1975 he … (work) at the factory for ten years.
3. Tomorrow it … (rain) for a week.
4. In twenty minutes we … (watch) this film for two hours already.
5. In two week’s time you … (work) on this problem for five years.
6. Next summer we … (live) together for 5 years.
7. Before the new machine is stopped to-morrow morning, it … (work) for
three hours.
8. You … (study) English for five years by the next spring.
9. When you return home, I … (work) for seven hours.
10. In June I … (not smoke) for three years.
Exercise 2. Make up 4 sentences in the Future Perfect Continuous Tense
according to pictures 46-49.
Picture 46
Picture 47
Picture 48
Picture 49
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Exercise 3. Put the verbs in brackets into the Future Perfect or the Future
Perfect Continuous.
1. By 7.00 pm they ... ... ... (play) cricket for eight hours.
2. I ... ... ... (finish) painting your room by the time you get home.
3. By the end of next month I ... ... ... (live) in London for exactly three
years.
4. Mary ... ... ... (write) her third novel by the end of this year.
5. By the time he arrives in London, John ... ... ... (drive) for five hours.
6. This film ... ... ... (probably/not/finish) until midnight.
7. How long ... ... ... (you/study) English by the end of this term.
8. Don’t worry! You ... ... ... (forget) all about it by this time next year.
9. By Friday I ... ... ... (work) on this project for two weeks.
10. Hopefully, he ... ... ... (cook) dinner for us by the time we get home.
Exercise 4. Answer the following questions using the Future Perfect
Continuous Tense.
1. At school. What will the pupils have been doing for 20 minutes if the
teacher enters the classroom in 20 minutes after the bell? (To check up one’s
homework, to do one’s written exercises hurriedly, to play and talk, to watch a TV
teaching film, to do an exercise in grammar, to open (close) the windows, to look
through some books and magazines, to stand at the desks, to sit at one’s desks, to
make a terrible noise, to clean the blackboard, to write something on the
blackboard, etc.).
2. At the doctor’s. What will the doctor have been doing for half an hour
before George enters the reception room without knocking? (To examine a patient,
to examine the patient’s lungs and heart, to prescribe a medicine for a patient, to
give medicine to a patient, to ask the patient various questions, to discuss a case
with a group of students, to tell the patient to undress and lie down on the couch, to
feel the patient’s pulse, to take the patient’s temperature, to read the morning
paper, etc.).
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3. At the cafeteria. Anne and John will go to a cafeteria to have lunch. What
will they have been doing for an hour before Mary joins them. (To look at a menu
card, to take something for lunch, to carry the tray with the dishes, to pay the
cashier, to have some dessert, to enjoy one’s lunch, etc.).
Exercise 5. Fill in the blanks with the correct form of the verbs in brackets.
1. By evening the rain … (turn) to thundershowers. Be sure to carry your
umbrellas. 2. “I … (see) you at the wedding, Mother. I … (call) you as soon as
Charles and I … (set) a date”. 3. When you … (сome) back home, you … (notice)
a lot of changes. 4. I … (not pass) the exam. I … (not do) any work for it. 5. “What
would you like to eat?” – “I … (have) a sandwich, please”. 6. I don’t think I …
(go) out this evening. I’m too busy. 7. Mike … (probably arrive) at about 10
o’clock tomorrow. 8. He says that by tomorrow morning they ... (stay) at this hotel
for two weeks. 9. He will be tired when he arrives. He … (travel) for 24 hours. 10.
She … (not sleep) when you … (telephone) her. 11. You can call me at work at 8
am. I … (arrive) at the office by 8. 12. We … (have) dinner when the film …
(start). 13. “Mary won’t be at home when you arrive”. – “Really? Where … she
(go)?” 14. I think I … (have) a holiday next year. 15. We … (see) what we can do
to help you. 16. We … (sing) all day long until you … (call) us to have lunch. 17.
They … (have) fun since 6 o’clock when we come.
Exercise 6. Put 5 questions to each sentence.
1. By next year we’ll have been living in this town for 5 years. 2. When Ann
gets her diploma she will have been studying at the Institute for 7 years. 3. By 20
of May we’ll have been doing this work for three months. 4. When you return
home at five o’clock, I will have been working for seven hours. 5. You will have
been traveling a great deal by the time you return home.
Exercise 7. Translate from Russian into English.
1. Он будет читать книгу два часа, когда я приду. 2. Что мы будем
делать завтра? 3. Поезд уже уйдет к тому времени, когда мы придем на
станцию. 4. Он вернется в Москву через несколько дней. 5. К 1 июня 2004 г.
он будет работать на фабрике уже 20 лет. 6. Я приду домой рано, буду
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отдыхать с пяти до шести, а затем буду, работать весь вечер. 7. На будущее
лето мы здесь будем жить уже десять лет. 8. Он будет брать английские
уроки два раза в неделю. 9. К вашему приходу они будут играть уже больше
часа. 10. Удачи тебе на экзамене. Я буду думать о тебе. 11. Мы (уже)
переведем статью к пяти часам. 12. Сегодня к вечеру я буду работать уже
семь часов. 13. Через час я буду лететь над морем. 14. Он позвонит тебе и
расскажет все. 15. Я уже окончу эту работу до того, как вы возвратитесь.
Exercise 8. Choose the correct item.
1. I … tonight.
a) will be free
b) will have been free
c) will be being free
2. I … for you at 9 o’clock tomorrow.
a) ’ll have waited
b) ’ll be waiting
c) ’ll wait
3. Half a year! Everyone … me!
a) will forget
b) will have forgotten
c) will have forgot
4. … please … the window?
a) Will you … open
b) Will you be … opening c) Do you … open
5. I … him a letter by the time his mother … to me.
a) will have written,
b) will write, comes
c) will be writing, comes
b) come, will have slept
c) come, will be sleeping
comes
6. When I … back, they … .
a) will come, will sleep
7. By May, he … at the plant for five years.
a) will have been working b) will be working
c) will work
8. He … us at the station.
a) will be meeting
b) will meet
c) meet
9. The workers … this school by September 1st
a) will build
b) will be building
c) will have built
10. He … a book for three hours when I … .
a) will have read, come
b) will have been reading, c) will be reading, come
come
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4.4 Test on the Perfect Continuous Tenses
Exercise 1. Choose the correct item.
1. When Mary came back, she looked very red from the sun. She … in the sun too
long.
a) was lying
b) had been lying
c) had lain
2. Jake is a good footballer. Do you know since when … football?
a) he has been playing
b) has he been playing
c) is he playing
3. Ram was angry. He … for two hours.
a) has been waiting
b) had been waiting
c) will have been waiting
4. I handed Betsy today’s newspaper, but she didn’t want it. She … it during her
lunch.
a) had been reading
b) had read
c) was reading
5. By next summer we … here for ten years.
a) ’ll be living
b) ’ll live
c) ’ll have been living
6. She was not interested in the book because she … it.
a) hadn’t understood
b) didn’t understand
c) hadn’t been
understanding
7. I have found a good job. It’s in Brazil. I … to go to Brazil. I don't like living in
cold climates.
a) always wanted
b) have always been
c) have always wanted
wanting
8. You … English for five years by the next spring.
a) will have been studying b) will study
c) will be studying
9. How long … Jerry? - But I don’t know him at all. I have never met him.
a) has you known
b) have you known
c) have you been knowing
10. Не … the report for two hours when you come.
a) will be writing
b) will have been writing
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Exercise 2. Fill the gaps with the correct tenses.
I 1) ... (learn) English for seven years now. But last year I 2) … (not / work)
hard enough for English, that’s why my marks 3) … (not / be) really that good
then. As I 4) … (pass / want) my English exam successfully next year, I 5) …
(study) harder this term. During my last summer holidays, my parents 6) … (send)
me on a language course to London. It 7) … (be) great and I 8) … (think) I 9) …
(learn) a lot. Before I 10) … (go) to London, I 11) … (not / enjoy) learning
English. But while I 12) … (do) the language course, I 13) … (meet) lots of young
people from all over the world. There I 14) … (notice) how important it 15) … (be)
to speak foreign languages nowadays. Now I 16) … (have) much more fun
learning English than I 17) … (have) before the course. At the moment I 18) …
(revise) English grammar. And I 19) … (begin / already) to read the texts in my
English textbooks again. I 20) … (think) I 21) … (do) one unit every week. My
exam 22) … (be) on 15 May, so there 23) … (not / be) any time to be lost. If I 24)
… (pass) my exams successfully, I 25) … (start) an apprenticeship in September.
And after my apprenticeship, maybe I … (go) back to London to work there for a
while.
As you … (see), I … (become) a real London fan already.
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5 Final Tests on the Active Voice
Variant 1
Exercise 1. Open the brackets using the verbs in Present Simple, Present
Continuous или Future Simple.
1. They … (to play) football tomorrow. 2. I … (not to play) croquet
tomorrow. 3. We … (not to stay) at home next day. 4. We … (to stay) at home
every Sunday. 5. He … (to write) letters very often. 6. He … (to write) a letter
at the moment. 7. He … (to write) a letter now. 8. Ann … (to play) the piano. 9.
Ann … (to play) the piano next lesson. 10. Listen! Ann … (to play) the piano.
11. You … (to get) up early every day? 12. You … (to get) up early next
morning? 13. It’s ten o’clock already! You … (to get up)? 14. She … (to pass)
exams every year? 15. She … (to pass) exams in a month? 16. She … (to pass)
her exam at the moment? 17. Where you … (to go) every Saturday? 18. Where
you … (to go) now? 19. Where you … (to go) this Saturday? 20. Why she … (to
watch) television so often? 21. Why she still … (to watch) television? 22. Why
she … (to watch) television in the evenings? 23. My aunt … (to cook) every
day. 24. My aunt … (to cook) now? 25. My aunt … (to cook) next day.
Exercise 2. Open the brackets using the forms of the verbs expressing
future action.
1 A: Your house is very small.
B: I know. I ... (move) to a bigger house next year.
2 A: I have got a new job!
B: Wonderful! I … (call) Mum and tell her the good news.
3 A: How old is your daughter?
B: She … (be) fourteen next week.
4 A: I must phone Julia.
B: Well, don’t phone her now. She … (sleep).
5 A: Have you been living here long?
B: Yes. By next month, I … (live) here for ten years.
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6 A: Are you having a party next weekend
B: Yes. I hope I … (finish) decorating the house by then.
7 A: What are your plans for tonight?
B: Well, I… (meet) Steve at 8 o’clock.
8 A: I must buy some bread.
B: You’d better hurry. The shops … (close) in half an hour.
9 A: Shall I call you at ten o’clock tomorrow?
B: No. I … (leave) for work by then.
10 A: Are you coming to the disco on Friday night?
B: I can’t. I … (study) for my exam then.
11 A: Are you excited about going to California?
B: Yes! This time tomorrow I … (fly) across the Atlantic.
12 A: It’s seven o’clock.
B: Yes. John … (leave) the office by now.
13 A: There’s somebody at the door.
B: Oh. That … (be) the postman.
14 A: I’ve left my jacket at home.
B: I … (go) back and get it for you.
15 A: Have you booked a taxi to take you to the airport?
B: Yes. It … (come) at eight o’clock in the morning.
16 A: Are you nervous about the interview
B: Yes. This time tomorrow, I … (talk) to the managing director.
Exercise 3. Open the brackets using the verbs in Present Perfect, Present
Perfect Continuous, Past Perfect, Past Perfect Continuous.
1. He … (to live) in Inverness for many years when the event took place.
2. I … (to explain) this for hours: doesn’t even one of you understand it now? 3.
“Where have you been?” - “I … (to swim)”. 4. I … (to live) in London and
many other big cities that I hated. 5. I … (to see) him several times this week. 6.
After she … (break) her promise, she … (feel) her remorse. 7. I … (work) all
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the time where as he had been amusing himself. 8. I … (hardly, leave) the house
when it began to pour. 9. “You … (do) too much recently. Take a rest”.
Exercise 4. Choose the correct variant.
A.
Next Saturday, Daisy 1) (is flying/flies) to Paris for a business
meeting. Her secretary has already booked the flight. The plane 2) (will
leave/leaves) at nine o’clock in the morning and one of her business clients 3)
(will have met/will be meeting) her at the airport when the plane lands. She
doesn't know how long the meeting will last, but she 4) (will have returned/will
have been returning) home by Thursday evening.
В. Florence 1) (is going to become/will be becoming) a doctor when she
finishes medical school. She thinks she 2) (will probably work/will have
probably worked) in a hospital for most of her career. This time next month, she
3) (will have revised/will be revising) hard for her exams. By the time she gets
her degree she 4) (will have been studying/will have studied) medicine for five
years. Florence hopes she 5) (will have passed/will pass) all the exams with
excellent grades.
Exercise 5. Translate from Russian into English.
Мы сделали уроки до прихода отца. Я поужинал до девяти часов. Он
не выучил стихотворение до вечера. Они развели костер до заката солнца.
Дежурный вытер доску до прихода учителя. Я не перевел статью до утра.
Дети заснули до десяти часов? Почему он не отослал письмо до
праздника? Кто закончил работу до шести часов вечера? Мы проснулись
до восхода солнца. Я приготовила пирог к приходу гостей. Игра началась
раньше четырех часов? До трех часов я просмотрел все документы.
Почему они не пришли к обеду? До 1990 года он был врачом.
Exercise 6. Choose the correct item.
1. We had been walking for hours … we reached the campsite.
a) since
b) for
c) before
2. John was repairing the car … Steve was tidying the garage.
a) while
b) before
c) after
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3. We went to Spain on holiday … .
a) tomorrow
b) next year
c) last year
4. I fell asleep … I closed my eyes.
a) just
b) as soon as
c) already
5. … did Jane and Ted get married?
a) How long
b) How long ago
c) while
6. She hasn’t seen Jim … he left school.
a) for
b) just
c) since
7. He won’t go home … he has finished his work
a) how long
b) until
c) yet
8. I have lived in Kent ... ten years now.
a) since
b) for
c) before
9. We haven't finished work … .
a) yet
b) until
c) just
b) How long ago
c) While
10. … did Tina meet Steve?
a) How long
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Variant 2
Exercise 1. Open the brackets using the verbs in the Future Simple, the
Present Simple, the Present Perfect.
A. My car is being repaired and I don’t know when it 1) ... (be) ready. I
doubt whether I 2) ... (be able to) collect it before the weekend. I wonder if John
3) ... (give) a lift to the party on Saturday. I’ll ask him when he 4) ... (come)
home.
В. I was calling to ask if you’d like to go out after we 1) ... (finish) work
tomorrow or if you 2) ... (want) to watch a video instead. Call me back as soon
as you 3) ... (get) in. I’ll wait until I 4) ... (hear) from you.
С. I will leave the hotel early in case there 1) ... (be) a lot of traffic. I
don’t know how long the journey 2) ... (take) or what time the plane 3) ... (land),
but I 4) ... (call) you as soon as I 5) ... (arrive) at the airport. Then, I will wait
until you 6) ... (come) to collect me.
D. Paula is drinking tea as she is waiting for Charles. She wonders if he 1)
... (be) late as usual. She will wait until the clock 2) ... (strike) five and then she
will call him in case he 3) ... (forget).
Exercise 2. Open the brackets using the forms of the verbs expressing
future action.
Next month, Maggie 1) ... (go) to Australia to visit her sister, who she
hasn’t seen for fifteen years. The plane 2) ... (leave) early in the morning and 3)
... (stop off) at Singapore before flying on to Sydney. It 4) ... (be) a very long,
tiring journey, but Maggie is very excited because this time next month, she 5)
... (begin) her adventure on the other side of the world. She 6) ... (stay) in
Australia for one month. She has booked her flight, so she 7) ... (fly) back to
Britain on 31st May. She hopes that she 8) ... (visit) lots of fascinating places
and seen many interesting things by the time her holidays are over.
Exercise 3. Complete the sentences with Past Simple or Past Continuous
forms of the verbs.
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1. A: What … (you, do) when the accident occurred? B: I … (try) to
change a light bulb that had burnt out. 2. After I … (find) the wallet full of
money, I … (go, immediately) to the police and … (turn) it in. 3. The doctor …
(say) that Tom … (be) too sick to go to work and that he … (need) to stay at
home for a couple of days. 4. Sebastian … (arrive) at Susan’s house a little
before 9:00 PM, but she … (be, not) there. She … (study, at the library) for her
final examination in French. 5. Sandy is in the living room watching television.
At this time yesterday, she … (watch, also) television. That’s all she ever does!
6. A: I … (call) you last night after dinner, but you … (be, not) there. Where
were you? B: I … (work) out at the fitness center. 7. When I … (walk) into the
busy office, the secretary … (talk) on the phone with a customer, several clerks
… (work, busily) at their desks, and two managers … (discuss, quietly) methods
to improve customer service. 8. I … (watch) a mystery movie on TV when the
electricity went out. Now I am never going to find out how the movie ends. 9.
Sharon … (be) in the room when John told me what happened, but she didn't
hear anything because she … (listen, not). 10. It’s strange that you … (call)
because I … (think, just) about you. 11. The Titanic … (cross) the Atlantic
when it … (strike) an iceberg. 12. When I entered the bazaar, a couple of
merchants … (bargain, busily) and … (try) to sell their goods to naive tourists
who … (hunt) for souvenirs. Some young boys … (lead) their donkeys through
the narrow streets on their way home. A couple of men … (argue) over the price
of a leather belt. I … (walk) over to a man who … (sell) fruit and … (buy) a
banana. 13. The firemen … (rescue) the old woman who … (be) trapped on the
third floor of the burning building. 14. She was so annoying! She … (leave,
always) her dirty dishes in the sink. I think she … (expect, actually) me to do
them for her. 15. Samantha has been living in Berlin for more than two years. In
fact, she … (live) there when the Berlin Wall came down.
Exercise 4. Complete the sentences with appropriate forms of the verbs.
A: Hello, Mark. It 1) ...took... (take) you a long time to answer the door.
B: Sorry. I 2) ... (not/hear) the bell. Come in, Tony.
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A: 3) What ... (you/plan) to do today?
B: Well, I 4) ... (think) of going for a picnic in the country, but the weather is
awful so I 5) ... (change) my mind.
A:
Oh dear. Well, yesterday Mary 6) ... (tell) me that she 7) ... (buy) two
tickets to see the Rocking Stars, but she couldn’t go to the concert. So I 18) ...
(buy) the tickets from her, because I 9) ... (think) you’d like to go.
B:
Tony, that’s brilliant! I 10) ... (mean) to buy tickets for that concert, but
they 11) ... (sell out) by the time I 12) ... (go) to the booking office.
A: Well, it’s lucky I 13) ... (see) Mary, then, isn’t it?
Exercise 5. Complete the sentences with Past Simple or Present Perfect
forms of the verbs.
Since computers were first introduced to the public in the early 1980’s,
technology … (change) a great deal. The first computers … (be) simple
machines designed for basic tasks. They … (have, not) much memory and they
… (be, not) very powerful. Early computers were often quite expensive and
customers often … (pay) thousands of dollars for machines which actually …
(do) very little. Most computers … (be) separate, individual machines used
mostly as expensive typewriters or for playing games.
Times … (change). Computers … (become) powerful machines with very
practical applications. Programmers … (create) a large selection of useful
programs which do everything from teaching foreign languages to bookkeeping.
We are still playing video games, but today’s games … (become) faster, more
exciting interactive adventures. Many computer users … (get, also) on the
Internet and … (begin) communicating with other computer users around the
world. We … (start) to create international communities online. In short, the
simple, individual machines of the past … (evolve) into an international World
Wide Web of knowledge.
Exercise 6. Choose the correct item.
1. “What do you do for a living?” – “I … portraits of famous people”.
a) am painting
b) paints
c) paint
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2. “Where is your brother?” – “He ... in the garden, I think”.
a) is playing
b) plays
c) played
3. “Do you see Catherine very often?” – “We ... for lunch twice a month”.
a) have met
b) meet
c) are meeting
4. “What are you doing?” – “I ... for the recipe I want to use tonight”.
a) looked
b) look
c) am looking
5. “Why is Linda so tired?” – “She ... very hard recently”.
a) works
b) is working
c) has been working
6. “Could you take the rubbish outside for me, please?” – “I... it”.
a) have already done
b) already do
c) had already done
7. “Did you speak to Kate on the phone last night?” – “Yes, but I ... for ages
before I finally got through”.
a) am trying
b) have been trying
c) had been trying
8. “Where … when you went to London?” – “In a small family hotel”.
a) were you staying
b) did you stay
c) do you stay
9. “Did you find Tom?” - “Yes. He … in his study when I found him”.
a) worked
b) was working
c) works
10. “You’re very late. Where have you been?” – “Well, I ... home from work
when the car broke down”.
a) was driving
b) am driving
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Variant 3
Exercise 1. Complete the dialogue with necessary present or past tense.
Lars: Excuse me, which movie are you waiting for?
Tony: We … (wait) for the new Stars Wars movie. In fact, we … (wait) here
for more than five hours.
Lars: Five hours? When did you arrive?
Tony: We … (get) here at 6:00 o’clock this morning. More than forty people
… (stand, already) here waiting for tickets when we arrived.
Lars: I can’t believe that! Are you serious?
Tony: Yeah, people … (take) Star Wars movies seriously. In fact, this
particular showing has been sold out for over a week. We … (wait, just) in line to
get a good seat in the theater.
Lars: When did you buy your tickets?
Tony: I … (buy) them last week by phone. I … (know) tickets would be
hard to get because I … (see) a news interview with a group of people standing in
line to get tickets. They … (wait) in line for almost a month to buy tickets for the
first showing.
Lars: I don’t believe that!
Tony: It’s true. They … (camp) out in front of Mann’s Chinese Theater in
Los Angeles for about a month because they … (want) to be the first people to see
the movie.
Exercise 2. Complete the sentences with Past Simple or Present Perfect
forms of the verbs.
1. A: Did you like the movie “Star Wars?” B: I don’t know. I … (see, never)
that movie. 2. Sam … (arrive) in San Diego a week ago. 3. My best friend and I …
(know) each other for over fifteen years. We still get together once a week. 4.
Stinson is a fantastic writer. He … (write) ten very creative short stories in the last
year. One day, he’ll be as famous as Hemingway. 5. I … (have, not) this much fun
since I … (be) a kid. 6. Things … (change) a great deal at Coltech, Inc. When we
first … (start) working here three years ago, the company … (have, only) six
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employees. Since then, we … (expand) to include more than 2000 full-time
workers. 7. I … (tell) him to stay on the path while he was hiking, but he …
(wander) off into the forest and … (be) bitten by a snake. 8. Listen Donna, I don’t
care if you … (miss) the bus this morning. You … (be) late to work too many
times. You are fired! 9. Sam is from Colorado, which is hundreds of miles from the
coast, so he … (see, never) the ocean. He should come with us to Miami. 10. How
sad! George .. (dream) of going to California before he died, but he didn’t make it.
He … (see, never) the ocean. 11. In the last hundred years, traveling … (become)
much easier and very comfortable. In the 19th century, it … (take) two or three
months to cross North America by covered wagon. The trip … (be) very rough and
often dangerous. Things … (change) a great deal in the last hundred and fifty
years. Now you can fly from New York to Los Angeles in a matter of hours. 12.
Jonny, I can’t believe how much you … (change) since the last time I … (see) you.
You … (grow) at least a foot! 13. This tree … (be) planted by the settlers who …
(found) our city over four hundred years ago. 14. This mountain … (be, never)
climbed by anyone. Several mountaineers … (try) to reach the top, but nobody …
(succeed, ever). The climb is extremely difficult and many people … (die) trying to
reach the summit. 15. I … (visit, never) Africa, but I … (travel) to South America
several times. The last time I … (go) to South America, I … (visit) Brazil and
Peru. I … (spend) two weeks in the Amazon, … (hike) for a week near Machu
Picchu, and … (fly) over the Nazca Lines.
Exercise 3. Complete the text below with the appropriate tenses: Future
Perfect or Future Perfect Continuous.
1. Jack: Have you been watching the Eco-Challenge on TV?
Janet: Isn’t that exciting? It has got to be the most unbelievably difficult
sporting event in the world.
Jack: I know. By the time they finish the course, they … (raft) more than
150 miles down a raging river, … (hike) through 80 miles of jungle, … (climb) a
volcano and … (kayak) through shark-infested waters.
Janet: And don’t forget that they … (move) for at least eight days straight.
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2. Oliver: When are going to get your bachelor’s degree, Anne?
Anne: I am going to finish my degree next June. By the time I graduate, I …
(go) to four different colleges and universities, and I … (study) for more than
seven years.
Oliver: Wow, that’s a long time!
Anne: And I plan to continue on to get a Ph.D.
Oliver: Really? How long is that going to take?
Anne: By the time I finally finish studying, I … (be) a student for over 13
years.
3. Max: Sarah has been in the kitchen all day long.
Jake: It doesn’t sound like she's having a very good Thanksgiving.
Max: She … (cook) for over seven hours by the time everyone arrives for
dinner this afternoon. Hopefully, she … (finish) everything by then.
Jake: Maybe we should help her out.
4. Mike: It’s 6:00, and I have been working on my essay for over three
hours.
Sid: Do you think you … (finish) by 10:00? There's a party at Donna’s
tonight.
Mike: I … (complete, probably) the essay by 10:00, but I … (work) on it for
more than seven hours, and I don’t think I am going to feel like going to a party.
5. Fred: By the time they finish their trip across Yosemite National Park,
they … (hike) for more than six days.
Ginger: And they … (be, not) in a bed or … (have) a shower in almost a
week!
Fred: When we pick them up, they … (eat) camping food for days, and I am
sure they will be starving.
Ginger: I think we had better plan on taking them directly to a restaurant.
Exercise 4. Complete the sentences with Past Simple or Past Perfect forms
of the verbs.
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I can’t believe I … (get) that apartment. I … (submit) my application last
week, but I didn’t think I had a chance of actually getting it. When I … (show)
up to take a look around, there were at least twenty other people who … (arrive)
before me. Most of them … (fill, already) out their applications and were
already leaving. The landlord said I could still apply, so I did.
I … (try) to fill out the form, but I couldn't answer half of the questions.
They … (want) me to include references, but I didn’t want to list my previous
landlord because I … (have) some problems with him in the past and I knew he
wouldn’t recommend me. I … (end) up listing my father as a reference.
It was total luck that he … (decide) to give me the apartment. It turns out
that the landlord and my father … (go) to high school together. He decided that
I could have the apartment before he … (look) at my credit report. I really
lucked out!
Exercise 5. Complete the sentences with appropriate forms of the verbs.
1 A: I ... (see) three films this week. B: I haven’t seen any, I’m afraid. 2.
A: Where is Jack? B: He ... (go) to the park with Paul. 3. A: I haven’t seen Tom
for a long time. B: I know. He ... (study) a lot since September. 4. A: John paid
for the cinema tickets last night. B: Really? He ... (be) very generous these days.
5. A: The children are exhausted. B: They ... (play) for hours, that’s why. 6. A: I
had a very bad day at work yesterday. B: So did I. First, the computer ... (break
down) and then I ... (spill) coffee on some papers. 7. A: Has Arthur retired now?
B: Yes. He ... (work) for the same company for forty years when he decided to
retire. 8. A: Where are the children? B: Oh, Stan ... (take) them to the zoo. 9. A:
Have the Smiths moved yet? B: Actually, they ... (move) next Saturday. 10. A:
... (you/recognize) that man over there? B: No. I don’t think I’ve ever seen him
before. 11. A: Shall we stay in tonight? B: Actually, I ... (go) to my friend’s
birthday party. 12. A: Do you want to come to the cinema with me? B: Yes, but
remember, I ... (not/like) horror films. 13. A: I found a ring while I ... (plant) a
tree yesterday. B: Really? Can I see it? 14. A: Life ... (be) a lot better fifty years
ago. B: I agree. People ... (have) more fun. 15. A: I ... (try) to phone you since
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this morning. B: Oh, I have been out shopping with my sister. 16. A: Why are
you annoyed with Jason? B: Because he ... (always/forget) important things. 17.
A; The orchestra played very well last night. B: Yes. They ... (practice) together
for weeks before they held the concert.
Exercise 6. Choose the correct item.
1. You look really great! … (you, work) out at the fitness center recently?
a) Did you work
b) Has you worked
c) Have you worked
2. I … (have) the same car for more than ten years. I’m thinking about buying a
new one.
a) have had
b) had had
c) have been having
3. If it … (snow) this weekend, we … (go) skiing near Lake Tahoe.
a) snow, will go
b) snows, will go
c) snows, go
4. I came to England six months ago. I started my economics course three months
ago. When I return to Australia, I … (study) for nine months and I … (be) in
England for exactly one year.
a) have been studying, am b) will have been
studying, have been
c) will have been
studying, am
5. Sam … (arrive) in San Diego a week ago.
a) arrived
b) arrives
c) arrive
6. Samantha … (live) in Berlin for more than two years. In fact, she … (live) there
when the Berlin wall came down.
a) has been living, was
b) has been living, lived
c) has lived, was living
living
7. If Vera … (keep) drinking, she … (lose, eventually) her job.
a) keep, will lose
b) kept, will lose
c) keeps, will lose
8. Shhhhh! Be quiet! John … (sleep).
a) are sleeping
b) am sleeping
c) is sleeping
9. It … (rain) all week. I hope it stops by Saturday because I want to go to the
beach.
a) has been raining
b) have been raining
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10. Listen Donna, I don’t care if you … (miss) the bus this morning. You … (be)
late to work too many times. You are fired!
a) have missed, were
b) have missed, are
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Variant 4
Exercise 1. Underline the correct tense.
1. Lynne was singing/had sung as she was cleaning the windows.
2. Mr. Todd was teaching/had been teaching for thirty years when he retired.
3. I phoned Jack because I wanted/had wanted to ask him a question.
4. They had walked/had been walking for hours when they stopped for a
rest.
5. The shop had been selling/had sold the table by the time I got there.
6. Joe was happy. He was winning/had won first prize in the competition.
7. It was raining/had rained while they were playing the football match.
8. Rob was opening/opened the box and looked inside.
9. Eve was delighted to hear that she was getting/had got the job.
10. People used to work/were working very long hours in those days.
11. I was running when I slipped/was slipping on the ice.
12. They were already buying/had already bought the tickets when they went
to the concert.
13. Carol had broken/was breaking her arm, so she couldn't write for six
weeks.
14. We had been staying/stayed in a hotel by the sea last summer.
15. Elvis Presley sang/had sung lots of hit songs.
16. I opened/was opening the door and stepped outside.
17. They had stood/were standing outside when the results were announced.
18. Alexander Graham Bell had invented/invented the telephone.
19. She broke the glass while she had washed/was washing it.
Exercise 2. Replace the time indicators by those given in brackets, change
the form of the verb accordingly and make other necessary changes.
1. It rained yesterday (now, all day long yesterday, at this time yesterday,
tomorrow, says the weather forecast, when we left home, all the time while we
were working in the garden). 2. John regularly writes letters to his parents (seldom,
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the day before yesterday, tonight, when we called on him last night, at present,
never). 3. Philip stayed with his friends during his vacations (when he was in
Moscow, whenever he comes to Moscow, for the time being, still, no longer – he
lives in the students’ hostel). 4. Mrs. Stuart is going shopping today (on Saturdays,
after her children returned from school, while her children had classes, as soon as
she finished doing the room). 5. The family will be watching TV when I come
home (the whole evening, from 7 till 10, after dinner, every night, still). 6.
Professor Clark will be giving a talk on Greek sculpture at the same time next
week (at the same time last week, last Monday, next Friday, from 9 till 11 a. m.,
when the term is over, already, when we entered the lecture hall, at this very
moment).
Exercise 3. Answer the questions.
1. Jane talks on the phone.
Bob has been talking on the phone for an hour.
Mary is talking on the phone.
Who is not necessarily on the phone now?
2. I’m going to make dinner for Frank.
I’m making dinner for Judy.
I’ll make dinner for Mary.
I make dinner for Ted.
I will be making dinner for Tony.
Who are you offering to make dinner for?
3. Jane left when Tim arrived.
Bob left when Tim had arrived.
Tim arrived when Mary was leaving.
John had left when Tim arrived.
After Tim arrived, Frank left.
Who did not run into Tim?
4. Jane is talking in class.
Bob always talks in class.
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Mary is always talking in class.
Whose action bothers you?
5. Jane never left Jamestown.
Bob has never left Jamestown.
Who is still alive?
Exercise 4. Complete the sentences with Present Perfect, Past Simple or Past
Perfect forms of the verbs.
1. When I … (arrive) home last night, I discovered that Jane … (prepare)
a beautiful candlelight dinner. 2. Since I began acting, I … (perform) in two
plays, a television commercial and a TV drama. However, I … (speak, never
even) publicly before I came to Hollywood in 1985. 3. By the time I got to the
office, the meeting … (begin, already) without me. My boss … (be) furious with
me and I … (be) fired. 4. When I … (turn) the radio on yesterday, I … (hear) a
song that was popular when I was in high school. I … (hear, not) the song in
years, and it … (bring) back some great memories. 5. Last week, I … (run) into
an ex-girlfriend of mine. We … (see, not) each other in years, and both of us …
(change) a great deal. I … (enjoy) talking to her so much that I … (ask) her out
on a date. We are getting together tonight for dinner. 6. When Jack … (enter)
the room, I … (recognize, not) him because he … (lose) so much weight and …
(grow) a beard. He looked totally different! 7. The Maya established a very
advanced civilization in the jungles of the Yucatan; however, their culture …
(disappear, virtually) by the time Europeans first … (arrive) in the New World.
8. I … (visit) so many beautiful places since I … (come) to Utah. Before
moving here, I … (hear, never) of Bryce Canyon, Zion, Arches, or
Canyonlands.
Exercise 5. Complete the sentences with Present Continuous, Simple Past,
Present Perfect Continuous, Past Perfect Continuous forms of the verbs.
My English is really getting better. I … (try) to learn the language since
1985, but only recently have I been able to make some real progress. By the
time I started high school in 1988, I … (study) the language for almost three
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years; however, I was only able to introduce myself and utter a few memorized
sentences. For a couple more years, I … (struggle) through grammar and
vocabulary lessons, which made absolutely no difference. Nothing worked, so I
decided to study abroad.
I found an exchange program in England that sounded like the perfect
answer. I … (stay) with a host family for one month. It was a huge
disappointment! I … (sit) there the whole time staring at the host mother and
father hoping that there would be some breakthrough. Nothing.
When I returned, I mentioned to a friend that I … (have) problems with
the language for years. He recommended that I spend a year in an English
speaking country. I decided to go abroad again. I … (research) exchange
programs for a couple of weeks and finally decided on a school in the United
States.
Well, it worked. I … (live) and … (study) in the U.S. for more than two
years. I … (stay) here for at least another year before I return home. By then, I
should be completely fluent.
Exercise 6. Choose the correct item.
1. I am sick of rain and bad weather! Hopefully, when we … (wake) up tomorrow
morning, the sun … (shine).
a) wake, will shine
b) wake, will be shining
c) will wake, will shine
2. I have not traveled much yet; however, I … (visit) the Grand Canyon and San
Francisco by the time I leave the United States.
a) will visit
b) will be visiting
c) will have visited
3. I … (see) many pictures of the pyramids before I went to Egypt. Pictures of the
monuments are very misleading. The pyramids are actually quite small.
a) have seen
b) saw
c) had seen
4. In the last hundred years, traveling … (become) much easier and very
comfortable.
a) became
b) has become
c) had become
5. In the 19th century, traveling … (take) two or three months to cross North
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America by covered wagon.
a) takes
b) took
c) has taken
6. If you … (need) to contact me sometime next week, I … (stay) at the Sheraton
in San Francisco.
a) need, will be staying
b) will need, will stay
c) need, stay
7. Things … (change) a great deal in the last hundred and fifty years. Now you can
fly from New York to Los Angeles in a matter of hours.
a) changed
b) have changed
c) change
8. When I … the Badran gold mine, the temperature above ground … -45C.
a) will visit, were
b) visited, was
c) visit, was
9. He … (watch) American television programs and … (study) his grammar every
day since he first arrived in San Diego.
a) watched, studied
b) was watching, studied
c) watches, studies
10. When I … (arrive) home last night, I discovered that Jane … (prepare) a
beautiful candlelight dinner.
a) will arrive, prepared
b) arrived, prepared
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Variant 5
Exercise 1. Complete the texts below with the appropriate tenses: Simple
Future or Future Perfect.
1. Margaret: Do you think everything will be finished when I get back from
the store?
Jerry: Don’t worry. By the time you get back, I … (pick) up the living room
and … (finish) washing the dishes. Everything will be perfect when your parents
arrive.
Margaret: I hope so. They … (arrive) around 6 o’clock.
Jerry: Everything … (be) spotless by the time they get here.
2. Nick: I just have two more courses before I graduate from university. By
this time next year, I … (graduate), and I will already be looking for a job.
Stacey: Does that scare you? Are you worried about the future?
Nick: Not really. I … (go) to a career counselor and get some advice on how
to find a good job.
Stacey: That’s a good idea.
Nick: I am also going to do an internship so that when I leave school, I …
(complete, not only) over 13 business courses, but I … (work, also) in the real
world.
3. Stan: Did you hear that Christine … (take) a vacation in South America
this winter?
Fred: I can’t believe how often she goes abroad. Where exactly does she
want to go?
Stan: She … (visit) Peru, Bolivia and Ecuador.
Fred: At this rate, she … (visit) every country in the world by the time she’s
50.
4. Judy: How long have you been in Miami?
Elaine: I have only been here for a couple of weeks.
Judy: How long do you plan on staying?
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Elaine: I love Miami, so I … (stay) here for an extended period of time.
When I go back home, I … (be) here for more than three months.
Judy: Wow, that's quite a vacation! You ... (see, definitely) just about
everything there is to see in Miami by then.
5. Jane: I can’t believe how late we are! By the time we get to the dinner,
everyone … (finish, already) eating.
Jack: It’s your own fault. You took way too long in the bathroom.
Jane: I couldn’t get my hair to look right.
Jack: Who cares? By the time we get there, everyone … (left). Nobody …
(see, even) your hair.
Exercise 2. Complete the sentences below with the appropriate tenses:
Present Perfect or Present Perfect Continuous.
1. Judy: How long … (be) in Canada?
Claude: I … (study) here for more than three years.
2. I … (have) the same car for more than ten years. I'm thinking about
buying a new one.
3. I … (love) chocolate since I was a child. You might even call me a
“chocoholic”.
4. Matt and Sarah … (have) some difficulties in their relationship lately, so
they … (go) to a marriage counselor. I hope they work everything out.
5. John … (work) for the government since he graduated from Harvard
University. Until recently, he … (enjoy) his work, but now he is talking about
retiring.
6. Lately, I … (think) about changing my career because I … (become)
dissatisfied with the conditions at my company.
7. I … (see) Judy for more than five years and during that time I … (see) any
changes in her personality.
Exercise 3. Complete the sentences with Past Simple or Past Continuous
forms of the verbs.
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Last night, while I was doing my homework, Angela … (call). She said
she … (call) me on her cell phone from her biology classroom at UCLA. I asked
her if she … (wait) for class, but she said that the professor was at the front of
the hall lecturing while she … (talk) to me. I couldn’t believe she … (make) a
phone call during the lecture. I asked what was going on. She said her biology
professor was so boring that several of the students … (sleep, actually) in class.
Some of the students … (talk) about their plans for the weekend and the student
next to her … (draw) a picture of a horse. When Angela … (tell) me she was not
satisfied with the class, I … (mention) that my biology professor was quite good
and … (suggest) that she switch to my class. While we were talking, I … (hear)
her professor yell, “Miss, are you making a phone call?” Suddenly, the line
went dead. I … (hang) up the phone and went to the kitchen to make dinner. As
I … (cut) vegetables for a salad, the phone rang once again. It … (be) Angela,
but this time she wasn’t sitting in class.
Exercise 4. Find the correct answer.
1. Not again! This is the third time that I … my keys since I ... home this
morning.
a) am losing/was leaving
b) had lost/left
c) lose/had left
d) have lost/left
e) will lose/have left
2. He … of retiring until after he … enough to afford a life abroad after
retirement.
a) hasn’t thought/will save
b) isn’t thinking/has been saving
c) won’t think/is saving
d) doesn’t think/has saved
e) didn’t think/will have saved
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3. For a year now, Mr. Harris … charity balls to collect money for the
homeless.
a) had been organizing
b) was organizing
c) would be organizing
d) organized
e) has been organizing
4. By the time it … mid-summer, I … at this firm for about ten years.
a) was/could have worked
b) will be/will have worked
c) has been/will be working
d) would be/had worked
e) is/will have worked
5. When Bilal called me I … that we … fishing soon.
a) remembered/had gone
b) was remembering/would be going
c) remembered/ would go
d) remember/will be going
e) had remembered/will go
6. Scientists … hard to find a new and effective treatment which … mostscared diseases.
a) have been struggling / will cure
b) struggled / had been curing
c) will struggle / have cured
d) are struggling / are being cured
e) have struggled / were curing
7. In two years, many of our school friends ..., and then we ... no hardship in
keeping our international business going.
a) graduated / had had
b) are graduating / have had
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c) have graduated / will have
d) graduate / would have
e) will graduate / will have
8. The girls .... a game called 'bomb' for almost ten minutes when the teacher
suddenly ... the classroom.
a) have played / will enter
b) were playing / entered
c) are playing / comes
d) had been playing / entered
e) played / was entering
9. It is five months since we ... over this company.
a) have taken
b) had taken
c) will take
d) are taking
e) were taking
10. When I ... into him on the street, he said he ... abroad for business affairs
that evening.
a) ran / was going
b) will run / would go
c) had run / is going
d) have run / will be going
e) ran / will go
11. The government ... action into increasing taxes as soon as they ... by the
IMF authorities.
a) takes /will be urged
b) took / had been urged
c) is taking / have been urged
d) had taken /were urged
e) will take / have urged
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12. Don’t you think it ... time we ... typing the report.
a) has been / have started
b) is / started
c) will be / are starting
d) was / started
e) would be / had started
13. China ... greatly in terms of its cultural values over the past five years.
a) changed
b) is changing
c) has changed
d) will have changed
e) had changed
14. I feel lucky to have found a well-paid job on time, otherwise ... for a job
now.
a) will be looking
b) have looked
c) am looking
d) would be looking
e) were looking
15. I ... quite a low grade in the English exam, so I ... harder and harder.
a) have got / was studying
b) got / am studying
c) will get / have studied
d) get / will have studied
e) had got / will study
Exercise 5. Fill in the spaces using the most appropriate tense form for each
gap.
1. A: You seem energetic! B: Really, I … (exercise) for some time.
2. A: What … (you, do) when the robbery took place?
B: I … (change) a light bulb that had burnt out.
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3. Mike … (use) the same PC for more than three years. He is thinking of
upgrading it.
4. If it … (snow) tomorrow, we … (go) skiing near Vesuvius.
5. This is the second pill I … (take) to make me sleep.
6. Sami started his business in Spain three months ago. When he returns to
Turkey next July, he … (spend) nine months there.
7. Mary … (not, call) me since she … (leave) the city.
8. Karen … (live) in Hong Kong for more than two years. In fact, she …
(live) there when the political takeover occurred.
9. By the time the police … (arrive), the robbers … (run) away.
10. The book writes that the Maya tribes founded an advanced civilization in
the forests of the Yucatan; nevertheless, their culture … (disappear) by the time
Europeans first … (arrive) in the New World.
11. Hey.. Be quiet! The boss … (come).
12. It … (snow) all day. I hope it stops by noon because I wish to go to the
market.
13. Listen Ed, I don’t care whether you … (miss) the bus this morning. You
… (be) late for meetings too many times. This is my last warning.
14. We are fed up with storm and those dark clouds! We expect, when we …
(wake) up tomorrow morning, the sun … (shine).
15. When Hasan arrived at the cafe, I … (wait) for him for half an hour.
16. I … (not, hear) of the pyramids before I went to Egypt.
17. During the past 50 years, traveling … (become) much easier and very
comfortable. In the 19th century, it … (take) two or three months to cross Africa
by wagon. The trip … (be) very rough and often dangerous. Things … (change) a
great deal in the last hundred and fifty years. Now you can fly from Ankara to
Tokyo in a matter of hours.
18. Your English … (improve). You … (watch) television programs and …
(study) grammar every day since you first arrived in London. It is apparent that
you will be fluent very soon.
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19. When Ted … (arrive) home last night, he discovered that Hilary …
(prepare) a beautiful candle-lit dinner.
20. Do not forget that if you … (need) to contact me sometime next week, I
… (stay) at the Hilton in Istanbul.
Exercise 6. Choose the correct item.
1. When Carol … (call) last night, I … (watch) my favorite show on television.
a) called, watch
b) was calling, watched
c) called, was watching
2. I … (work) for this company for more than thirty years, and I intend to stay here
until I retire!
a) was working
b) have been working
c) worked
3. Sharon … (love) to travel. She … (go) abroad almost every summer. Next year,
she plans to go to Peru.
a) love, go
b) loves, goes
c) loved, went
4. Thomas is an author. He … (write) mystery novels and travel memoirs.
a) writes
b) is writing
c) write
5. He … (write) since he was twenty-eight. Altogether, he … (write) seven novels,
three collections of short stories and a book of poetry.
a) has been writing, wrote b) was writing, wrote
c) is writing, wrote
6. We were late because we had some car problems. By the time we … (get) to the
train station, Susan … (wait) for us for more than two hours.
a) got, had been waiting
b) had got, waited
c) got, was waiting
7. Sam … (try) to change a light bulb when he … (slip) and (fell).
a) tried, slipped, fell
b) was trying, slipped, fell c) tried, was slipping, fell
8. Right now, Jim … (read) the newspaper and Kathy … (make) dinner.
a) is reading, is making
b) reads, makes
c) was reading, made
9. Last night at this time, they … (do) the same thing.
a) was doing
b) are doing
c) were doing
10. Tomorrow at this time, they … (do, also) the same thing.
a) will be doing
b) will do
c) will have done
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Список использованных источников
1. Biber, D. Longman’s Student Grammar of Spoken and Written English/
D. Biber, S. Conrad, G. Leech. - Harlow: Longman Group, 2002. – 496 p. –
ISBN – 978 – 0 – 582 – 23726 – 1.
2. Carter, R. Exploring Grammar in Context: Upper-Intermediate and
Advanced/R. Carter, R. Hughes, and M. McCarthy. - Cambridge: Cambridge
University Press, 2001. – 304 p. - ISBN - 0-521-56844-7.
3. Evans, V. Round-up 6/ V. Evans. – Harlow: Longman Group, 2004. –
207 p. - ISBN – 0 – 582 – 33788 – 7.
4. Evans, V., Round-up 5/ V. Evans – Harlow: Longman Group, 2004. –
207 p. - ISBN – 0 - 582 – 82345 – 5.
5. Fuchs, M. Focus on Grammar: A High-Intermediate Course for
Reference and Practice: Workbook/ M. Fuchs, M. Bonner, - Harlow: Longman
Group, 2000. – 208 p. - ISBN - 0-201-38306-3.
6. Hadfield, J. Intermediate Grammar Games/ J. Hadfield. - Harlow:
Longman Group, 2003. – 128 p. – ISBN – 0 – 582 – 42964 – 1.
7. Hashemi, L. English Grammar in Use: Supplementary Exercises/ L.
Hashemi with R. Murphy. - Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2008. –
144 p. - ISBN - 978-0-521-75548-1.
8. Leech, G. A Communicative Grammar of English/G. Leech, J.
Svartvik. - Harlow: Longman Group, 2008. – 456 p. – ISBN – 978 – 0 – 582 –
50633 – 6.
9. Murphy, R. Essential Grammar in Use/R. Murphy. - Cambridge:
Cambridge University Press, 2007. – 320 p. - ISBN - 978-0-521-67543-7.
10. Quirk, R. A Comprehensive Grammar of the English Language/ R.
Quirk, S. Greenbaum, G. Leech, J. Svartvik. - Harlow: Longman Group, 2008. –
1780 p. - ISBN – 0 – 582 – 51734 – 6.
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