Патент USA US2127102

Aug. 16, 1938.
2,127,102
R. E. ANNEREN 551- AL
REVERSING ‘MECHANISM
Original Filed Nov. 13, 1933
5 Sheets-Sheet 1
awn/70m;
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ATTORNEY"
Aug. 16, 1938.
2,127,102
R. E. ANNEREN ET AL
REVEVRSING MECHANI SM
Original Filed Nov. 13, 1933
5 Sheets-Sheet 2
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Aug- 16, 1938.
R. E. ANNEREN ET AL
2,127,102
REVERS ING MEGHANI SM
' Original Filed Nov. 15, 1933
5 Sheets-Sheet s
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A118- 16, 1938.
R. E. ANNEREN
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' 2,127,102
REVERSING MECHANISM
‘Original Filed Nov. 13, 1953
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W ATTORNEY
Aug. 16, 1938.
2,127,102
i R. E; ANNEREN El‘ AL
REVERS ING MECHANI SM
Original Filed Nov. 13, 1933
5 Sheets-Sheet 5
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BY
J” /W '
'i/Wl ATTORNEY
Patented Aug. 16, 1938
2,127,102
UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE
‘ 2,127,102
REVERSING MECHANISM
Rolf Erik Annerén and Bengt Carlstriim, Atvida
berg, Sweden, assignors to Aktiebolaget Facit,
Atvidaberg, Sweden, a corporation _. of Sweden
Original application November 13, 1933, Serial No.
697,710. Divided‘ and this application Septem
ber 30, 1936, Serial No. 103,261. In Germany
March 30, 1933
24 Claims. (01. 192-145)
This application is a division of our copending
IX-IX in Fig. 5 and shows an end view of the
application, Serial No. 697,710 ?led November 13,
1933, and which has matured into Patent No.
2,068,899 issued January 26, 1937.
This invention refers to reversing mechanisms.
5
The invention may, for instance, be applied to
calculating machines but also in other cases, in
which a reversing mechanism is required.
zeroizing device proper for the setting device.
Fig. 10 is a detail view of the tens transfer
mechanism of the highest digit of the results
counter or register.
Fig. 11 is a top view of the machine, some parts
being broken away.
A chief object of this invention is to provide for
a simple and e?icient rapid-acting coupling be
tween a unidirectional driving motor and a rotary
mechanism which is to be reversed, when desired.
A further object of the invention is to make it
possible to operate the reserving mechanism safely
and efficiently at a high speed.
A further object of this invention is to adapt
the reversing mechanism to be operated safely by
'
keys.
A further object of this invention is to‘render it
possible to have the rotary mechanism reversed
in one single angular position only, no reversing
and no uncoupling being possible in other posi
tions.
A further object of this invention is to prevent
25 all manipulations on the reversing mechanism,
but in one single position of rotation.
Another object of this invention is to provide
for a simple and rapid-acting coupling between a
La)
Fig. 12 is a detail View of a modi?ed embodi
ment.
.The machine illustrated is substantially 0f the 10
type shown in the U. S. Patent No. 2,108,596 for
“Improvements in calculating machines” issued
to Karl Viktor Rudin on the 15th of February,
1938, and also shown and described in the German
Patent No. 535,576 and in the U. S. Patent No. 15
1,927,771, and it is, therefore, not necessary to
describe the same here in detail. The machine
is of that general type which is termed Odhner or
pin-wheeLmachine and has rotor vdiscs provided
with teeth slidable in the radial or axial direc
tion and adapted to be set by means of a curve
slot disc or a setting ring. The invention is, how
ever, not limited to that particular type of ma
chines but may be applied to reversible mecha
nisms in general.
25
Referring now to the drawings, 5 indicates a
main operating or actuator supporting shaft ro
tatably journalled in the machine frame A. On
said shaft a carriage 4 is slidably‘mounted and
driving motor and the rotary mechanism carrying
out the calculating operations in a calculating carries a setting device or actuator comprising 30
machine. Said rotary mechanism or actuator is a numberof pin wheels 4a of the Odhner-type, as
often identical with the setting members or se
shown in detail in the patents and the patent ap
cured to them. but separate setting members are vplicati on cited above. For effecting the calculat
sometimes used. A further object of this inven
ing operations the main shaft 5 is rotated in either
tion is to render it possible to operate the ma
direction, that is, + or — direction, as the case
chine at a high speed, so as to enable the operator
to use the machine both as a multiplying machine
and as an adding machine at a high velocity in
both cases.
ten setting keys B, for" instance, in the manner
set forth by the patents and the patent applica
Further objects will be evident from the fol
lowing speci?cation and claims.
In addition to said ten setting keys B and the
tabulator keys C the machine has two revolu
Embodiments of the invention as applied to a
calculating machine are shown in the annexed
tion keys I and‘ 2 marked + and —, and also a
drawings.
Fig. 1 is an end view of the machine from its
right side, the end wall carrying shafts having
been removed, and shows some parts in section.
Figs. 2-6 are cross-sectional views taken on
the lines indicated by the corresponding Roman
numbers in Fig. 1.
.
Fig. 7 is a cross-sectional view taken on the
line VII—VII in Fig. 6.
Fig. 8 is a cross-sectional view taken on the
line VIII-VIII in Fig. 7.
r
r
Fig. 9 is a cross-sectional view taken on the line
may be.
The pin-wheels are set by means of »
tion just cited.
_
zeroizing key 3, Figs. 1 and 11. On the front
side of the machine, that is the side facing the
operator, a movable lever 7 is arranged, which 45
is adjustable to two positions, indicated in Fig. 1
by full lines and dash-and-dot lines, respectively.
The lower or full line position is indicated by
“addition” and “subtraction” on the casing of
the machine, while the upper or dash-and-dot
line position is marked “multiplication” and “di
When the lever ‘Isis
I in itslower position
vision”.
‘the setting mechanism or actuator of the ma
chine is zeroized automatically after each stroke
of the machine, while such- zeroizing is effected 55
2,127,102
only when the zeroizing key 3 is manipulated by
hand, if said lever is in its upper position. The
results register D and the quotient register or
revolutions counter E are Zeroized in well-known
manner, for instance, by hand by means of levers
F, G, Wingnuts, handles or the like.
In this speci?cation the expressions “front”,
slide 30 should be just above the rod 36 or 31,
when the latter is lifted, said rod will ?rst lift
the slide which is then at the beginning of its
next axial stroke pressed down laterally of the
“back”, “right”, “left”, “upwards” and “down
lifted rod by the spring 3i and thereafter moves La
the latter sidewards, as just mentioned. A bent
or U-shaped guide member 39 is connected with
said rods 35, 37 by means of pins 38, sliding in
wards” are used as they appear to an operator
vertical oblong slots in the rods 35, 31, Figs. 1, 4,
sitting at the key board of the machine, unless
otherwise stated.
-
An electric motor H drives via a gear K a
shaft 8, Figs. 1 and 11, having a gear L meshing
7 and 8.
If one of said rods is moved laterally, '
it will also move the member 39 laterally, accord
ingly. Said member 39 has an arcuate portion
formed with a slot or opening 49 of the shape
with a gear I I on a shaft 9 to drive the latter. Be
cause the motor H has only one direction of rota
shown in Fig. 8 and the outer narrow end Ila of
tion, the shaft 9 will always rotate in the same
enter saidslot 49.
direction, when the motor contacts 35 are closed.
has been moved laterally—Fig. 8—fr0m its nor
mal middle position‘ in the manner just indicated
‘To said shaft 9 two spur gears I0 and I I are se
cured, of which the gear I I directly drives a spur
gear I2, while the gear I0 drives a spur gear I3
via an intermediate gear I4, the two spur gears
I2 and I3 being thus rotated in opposite direc
tions, that is + and — directions... They are
loosely journalled on a shaft I5 on both sides
of a coupling arm I6 secured to said shaft. On
a pin I8 on said arm I6 a coupling ratchet or
pawl I 'I is swingable in the axial direction of
said shaft I5, see especially Fig. 6. The gears
I2 and. I3 have one projection '29, 2| each and the
pawl I'I, while in its normal middle position, is
out of engagement with said projections 29, ‘ii.
If, however, said pawl is swungaxially it will
engage one of those projections and then couples
the corresponding spur gear I2 or I3 to the shaft
!5, which is thus caused to rotate in the corre
sponding direction. Said rotation is transmitted
from the gear 22 secured to the shaft I5 via gears
23, 24, Fig. 1, to a gear 25 secured to the main
operating shaft 5. Consequently, the setting dea
vicev or actuator 4, 4a is caused to rotate in the
corresponding direction. In the drawings the di
rections of rotation for + operations, i. e. addi
the pawl I‘I, during a part of its rotation, will 15
If said guide member 39
the pawl Il, during its next revolution, will be ‘
rocked a corresponding distance laterally, that is
in the axial direction in relation to the shaft I5,
to couple the corresponding spur gear I2 or I3 to
the shaft I5, as mentioned above—Fig. 6. Thus,
the + key I originates a —|— rotation, when de
pressed, and the — key 2 a - rotation.
25
The guide member 39 has a spring 4| supported
on a ?xed shaft and engaging ears 39a on mem
ber 39—Figs. 7 and 8-—for restoring said member
to its normal middle position. When the Corre
sponding sliding rod 36 or 31 again is returned 30
to its lowermost position by one of the restoring
springs 42 (Fig. 1), for instance, after the de
pressed key I or 2 is released, the member 39
is restored to its. normal middle position and re
turns the pawl H to its normal position at its 35
next rotation, by means of the guiding slot 40.
Two pull rods 43, 44 are articulately connected
with respective locking arms 45, 46 and are
pressed upwards by springs 41.
If either of the keys I or 2 is depressed, the 40
pull rod 43 or 44, as the case may be, is drawn
upwards by the corresponding spring 4'I—Figs.
tion and multiplication, and for — operations,
l and 4--and said rod then swings the locking
i. e. subtraction and division, are indicated by
arrows marked accordingly.
arm 45 or 46, as the case may be,—-Figs. l, 6 and
8—upwards to engage the notches'45a or 46a 45
To the shaft 9 a curve slot disc or cylinder 29,
Figs. 1 and 5, is also secured whose curve slot is
always engaged by a pin 21 on one end of a
lever 29 rotatably journalled on the pin 28, said
lever being thus moved with a rocking motion to
and fro when the motor H runs. At its other
or front end said lever 29 carries a slide 30
in the lower corners of member 39, thus causing
the member 39 to be locked by the arm 45 or 1'36,
as the case may be, in the extreme position of its
lateral motion which was originated by the de
pression of said key. When the key I or 2 is
released again, the rod 43 or 44 is drawn down~
pressed downwards by a spring 3I, Figs. 1 and 4.
wards by its pin 48 or 49, Figs. 1 and 4, engaging
the key, so that the locking of the member 39
The slide 39 is slidably journalled on the lever 29
by means of pins 30a and slots.
is released, Fig. 8.
The restoring springs 5I of the keys I, 2 have 55
- On a stationary shaft 33 a triangular member
to overcome the pull of the springs 4?, when the
keys are released and for this reason the springs
34 is secured which is rocked by the keys I and 2,
if either of them is depressed, Fig. 1. Then the
lever 35 closes the contacts 35 for the electric
60 current to the, motor H and the motor is started,
causing the gears I2 and I3 to be rotated in
opposite directions and the slide 30 to be recip
rocated or rocked in the axial direction of shaft
I5. If the key I or 2 is further depressed its
projection 9| or 92, respectively, will abut against
a sliding or push rod 36 or 31, that is if the
+ key I is depressed, the sliding rod 36 is pressed
upwards by projection 9| and if the — key 2 is
depressed the sliding rod 31 is pressed upwards
by projection 92-—see especially Fig. 4. The rod
which is thus lifted enters the path of the recip
rocating slide 30 and is moved laterally by the
same to the corresponding side. Thus, in Fig. 4
the rod 36 is moved to the left and. the rod 31
75 to the right, if lifted by the keys I, 2. If the
5I mu_st be stronger than the springs 41.
When the pawl I'I, rocked laterally by the guid
ing slot 49 of the member 39, continues its rota
60
tion said pawl comes out of engagement with
said slot but will then be guided on the corre
sponding side of a circular guiding rail 50 (Figs.
1 and 6) and is thereby maintained in correct
engagement with the projection 29 or 2|, as the 65
case may be. As seen from Fig. 1, said guiding
rail 50 embraces such a part of a revolution (of
360°) that the pawl I'I will enter the slot 40 just
as it leaves the guide 59.
,
70
When the pawl I1 is restored to its normal
middle position by the guide slot 40 it is disen
gaged from the projection 29 or 2|, as the case
may be, and the shaft I5 and the pin wheels 4
will stop, while the spur gears I2 and I3 con- 75
3
2,12%110'2
tinue their rotation (running light) until the
motor current is broken by the contacts 35.
To look the actuator or pin wheel rotor 4, 4a
against rotation on the shaft 5 in its position of
rest a disc 52. (Figs. 1, 2 and 3) is secured to said
shaft 5 and provided with a lateral projection or
stud 53 arrested between two pawls 54, 55 in said
position of rest. Those pawls are rotatably jour
nalled each on one of the arms 51, 58 which are
swingable on the stationary shaft 56. A tension
spring 59 pulls said arms against a stationary pin
59a, and when at the end of a rotary motion of
the pin wheel rotor 4, 4a one of the pawls 54
or 55 strikes upon the stud 53 to stop said rotor,
the spring 59 absorbs the shock. A spring 60
presses the pawls 54 and 55 to engage the pro
jection 53.
When upon depression of a key 1 or 2 the guide
member 39 is moved from its normal position
20 said member via the corresponding pin 38 de
presses one end of a lever 5| (Figs. 1, 3 and 4)
pivoted at Ma so as to cause the opposite end
of said lever to engage the pins 62 secured to the
pawls 54, 55 and to lift the latter out of engage
ment with the stud 53. Thus, the locking of the
setting device 4, 4a is released before the rotary
motion begins.
When thereafter the key I or 2 is released and
consequently the corresponding rod 36 or 3'! re
turns to its lowermost position, the lever 6| is
also released and the pawls 54, 55 are restored
by the spring 69 to their locking position to stop
the pin wheel rotor 4, 411.
As shown in Fig. 1 the pawls 54, 55 have one
front nose or point I50 and one back nose or
point |5| each. If the stud 53, in its rotation,
should pass by the front or outer nose of the
corresponding pawl, before said nose has re
turned to its locking position, the stud 53 will
40 be engaged by the other, back or inner, nose of
the same pawl and will bounce back, thus ren
dering it possible for the front nose of the same
pawl to snap in to engage the stud 53. Conse
quently, the pin wheel rotor will always be
45 stopped in its correct position of rest as shown
in Fig. 1.
To prevent the motor current from being
broken during the rotation of the pin wheel rotor
a lever I9 is provided pressed by a spring, 20s
50 to engage a curve on the disc 52.
When the
actuator 4, 4a is off-normal, said curve will rock
the lever l9 to keep the contacts 35 closed via
the member 34 until the pin wheel rotor has
returned to its position of rest shown in Fig. 1.
55 Then one end of the lever I9 enters a lower part
of the curve of the disc 52 and does not longer
prevent a breakingof the contacts 35.
The coupling members for zeroizing or clearing
the setting device are as follows:
60
The main operating shaft 9‘drives, via the
gear H], a gear 63 secured to a shaft 64 (Figs. 1
and 5). To said shaft a projection or tooth 65
is secured. Furthermore, a gear 66 is loosely
journalled on said shaft and provided with a
flange 6'! (Fig. 5) riveted thereto and on said
?ange a radially swinging pawl 68 is journalled
on the pin 68a (Fig. 1) and urged by a tension
spring 69 toward the tooth 65. Said pawl is,
however, normally kept out of engagement with
70 the tooth 65 by a lever 10 pivoted on a stationary
shaft ‘ll (Figs. 1 and 6). A tension spring 12
urges the projection end or point ‘Illa of said
lever 10 to engage a curve disc 13 (Figs. 1 and
5) secured on a shaft 14 which also carries a
gear 15 meshing with the gearu66.
'
r
‘
the zeroiz'ing key 3 is actuated, for instance,
by hand, the back end of said key will engage a
‘pin 16 secured to the lever 10 to rock said lever
out of engagement with the pawl 68. Said lever
will simultaneously depress the pin 8| secured
to the lever 34 to close the contacts 35. The
spring’69 then draws the pawl 68 to engage the
tooth 65, thus causing the wheel 66 to be cou
pled with the shaft 64 now driven by the motor
H. The wheel 66 will consequently drive the
gear 15 until the pawl 68, after one revolution
of the shaft 74, is again disengagedby the lever
'H) which meanwhile has been restored to its nor
mal position by point ‘Illa moving into the de
pression in disc 13. Thus, also the lever 34 is
freed and motor current is broken by the con
tacts 35.
During the rotation of the gear 75 thus brought
about the setting device or actuator is zeroized
as follows:
The shaft 14 (Figs. 1, 5 and 9) is also provided
with a curve disc or cam ‘ll.
A roller '19 on a
lever 18 engages said disc, and when the latter
is rotated the lever 18 will be rocked as indi~
cated in dash-and-dot lines in Fig. 9. A pull rod
80 articulately connected with the lever 18 will
actuate zeroizing members of any Well-known or
suitable construction, when said lever is rocked.
Thus, the other end of the lever 80 may be ar
ticulately connected, for instance, with the arm 30
29 or the zeroizing lever 32 of the setting device
as shown in the U. S. Patent No. 1,927,771. Thus,
the setting device (the pin wheels) is restored to
its zero position and the pin wheel rotor slides
back toits position of rest, as described in the
U. S. Patent No. 1,927,771 and also in the U. S.
Patent No._ 2,108,596 (German Patent No.
535,576) .
.
Each time the key 3 in Fig. 1 is actuated the
setting device or actuator will consequently be ~10
zeroized.
In the very beginning of the rotation of the
gear 75 the point ‘Illa of the lever ‘Ill will ride up
on a higher part of the curve disc 13, thus pre
venting the lever 10 from being restored to that
position in which it disengages the pawl 68, before
the curve disc 13 has completed one full revo
lution. Consequently, the end 70b of the lever
10 engages the pin 8| of the lever 34 and keeps
the latter depressed and the contacts 35 closed
until the zeroizing procedure is completed. In
the embodiment shown the gear 66 has only
half of the number of teeth of the gear 15 and
consequently the shaft 64 makes twov revolutions
for each revolution ofthe shaft 14 necessary to ,
cause the curve disc 13 to effect a complete zero
izing of the setting device 4, 4a.
The zeroizing operation effected by the motor
upon manipulation of the key 3 by hand is the
zeroizing necessary for multiplication and divi (30
sion. For addition and subtraction the setting
‘device 4, 4a should be automatically zeroized
after each stroke or revolution of the machine.
For this purpose the following device is provided:
To the adjustable lever ‘i mentioned above a
pin 82 is secured (Figs. 1 and 2) which in the
lowermost position (addition, subtraction) of said
lever Tengages a point or nose 83a of the lever
83, the latter being rotatable on a pin 84 secured
to the zeroizing key 3. If either of the keys I and
2 is depressed the disc 52 will rotate, as described
above, and two pawls 85, 86 rotatably journalled
thereon will then strike the point 832) of the lever
'83‘. Springs 87 normally press said pawls against
pins 38', 89' (Fig. 1). .If the disc 52 rotates, for
2,127,102
instance, in the + direction in Fig. 1 (counter
clockwise) the pawl 85 will ?rst strike on the
point 8317 but said pawl- will be rocked aside and
stress the corresponding spring 81 which will
afterwards restore it to engage the pin 88. At
the end of this rotary motion of the disc 52,
when the calculating operation (addition)
brought about by the rotation of the pin wheels
4 has been transferred to the results counters,
the pawl 36 strikes the point 83b). The pin 89
prevents said pawl from being rocked aside, thus
causing said pawl to swing the upper end 83b 'of
the lever 33 aside; Because said point 83a en
gages the pin 82 the lever 83 will then fulcrum
on the pin 82 and the lower end thereof swings
and moves the zeroizing key 3 inwards to cause
a zeroizing operation automatically, as described
above.
.
If, on the contrary, said disc 52 rotates in the
- direction (clockwise in Fig. l) the pawl 85 in a
similar manner swings the lever 83 automatically
to initiate the zeroizing operation, after the pin
wheel rotor 41, 4a has completed its subtractive
operation in the results counter D.
Because such automatic release of a zeroizing
operation might not begin, until after the cal
culating operation is completed and the pin wheel
rotor 4, 4a thus is near the end of its rotary mo
tion, the pawls 54, 55 have only a very short time
30 for snapping in to stop said rotor. The double
points of said ratchets and the bouncing opera
tion effected thereby is then very important to
arrest the rotor in due time and thus to prevent
miscalculations and faults.
As is shown in Figs. 1 and 4,.the lower ends
Ca Cm
opposite end of said lever engages a curve 96 on 10
the shaft ‘I4 and thus prevents the release slide
90 from returning to its position of rest under the
action of the spring 91, until the zeroizing of the
pin wheel rotor 4, 4a is completed. Consequent
ly, said pin wheel rotor will remain in its position
of rest locked against rotation, until the pin
wheels are completely zeroized.
Fig. 10 shows the last (highest) tens transfers
pawl or hammer I00 of the results counter D, that
is the tens transfers pawl for the ?gure or count
ing wheel IOI of the highest digit of said counter.
If in operations of division the capacity of the
results counter is exceeded, that is, if the pawl
I00 is rocked and the ?gure wheels of at least
the highest digits of said counter show the num
ber “9” said pawl simultaneously lifts one end I52
of a double or bell crank lever I02 (Figs. 1, 5 and
10) upwards. The other end I 53 of said lever
will swing the lever I04 rotatable on the pin I03
and the opposite end of said lever will then strike 30
against a pin I05 on the release slide 90 to push
the latter backwards, that is to the right in Fig.
1. In the manner described above the rod 36 or
31 is then released from the projection 9| or 92
and the motor H is disconnected from the actu
of the rods 36, 31 are slidable in a release slide
ator 4, 4a. Consequently, if the capacity of the
90, engaged by a projection 3a of the zeroizing
key 3. When said key 3 is moved backwards,
results counter D is exceeded in divisional opera
that is to the right in Fig. 1, to initiate the zero
izing operation, the slide 90 and consequently also
lb
position until the key I or 2, as the case may be,
is released or the key 3 actuated. For multipli
cation and division several revolutions of the pin
wheel rotor 4, 4a (for each digit) are generally
necessary and this is consequently attained in
the most rapid and simple manner.
The slide 90 is further provided with a projec
tion 90a engaged by a pin 94 secured to a lever 95
rotatable on the shaft ‘II (Figs. 1, 5 and 6). The
the lower ends of the rods 36, 31 will be pushed
backwards and disengaged from the projections
9|, 92 of the keys I, 2. Consequently, even if
either of the revolutions keys I, 2 should be kept
depressed, after the key 3 has been actuated, the
springs 42 will draw the corresponding rod 36 or
3‘! downwards, because the lower end of said rod
will then pass laterally of the projection 9| or 92
of the key I or 2, as the case may be. Simul
tanecusly the pin 90b secured to an extension of
the slide 90 will strike against one end of the
locking arm 45 or 46 if the same is in looking
position, thus removing the locking from the
member 39, so that the actuator 4, 4a may be
disconnected from the motor I-I, asv described
above and be stopped and locked inits position
of rest by the spring-actuated pawls 54, 55.
tions, the machine is automatically stopped. By
depressing the + key I the actuator is then ro
tated one revolution in the opposite direction a
(that is in the + direction) and by means of the
tabulator keys C the pin wheel carriage 4 is
moved to the next (lower) digit and the division
is continued in the usual manner. By means of
this device the division is considerably simpli?ed
and facilitated and may be carried out very rap
idly and mechanically.
The use of the double pointed pawls 54, 55 is
also very important to secure a rapid and correct
action in stopping the rotation of the actuator
upon the automatic release of the zeroizing op
eration from the last tens transfers pawl I00 of
the results counter D because also in this case
the release may be effected immediately before
the completion of a revolution of the pin wheel
rotor, because the tens transfer is often effected
immediately before the calculating operation is
After each stroke or revolution of the machine
completed.
in adding or subtracting operations the setting
The following may be mentioned about the
speeds of rotation of the toothed wheels and 60
60 and actuating device is consequently automatical
ly zeroized and, even if either of the keys I or 2
is kept depressed said device will be stopped in
its position of rest and locked therein after every
stroke of the machine, that is every time an item
- has‘ been added or subtracted.
If on the contrary the lever ‘I is adjusted to its
uppermost position (multiplication,
division)
shown in dash-and-dot lines in Fig. 1, the spring
93 withdraws the lever 83 from the path of the
pawls 85, 85 and the actuator 4, 4a will not be
zeroized until the zeroizing key 3 is manipulated
by hand. In this case the actuator 4, 4a also
continues its rotation (for multiplication and di
vision), because the projection 9|, 92 keeps the
rod 36 or 31, as the case may be, in its uppermost
shafts:
'
In the embodiment shown the driving shaft 9
with the gears I0 and II has the same speed of
rotation as the gears I2, I3 and 63, and for each
revolution of the shaft 9 the pin wheels 4a. will
rotate one revolution.
In addition and subtrac
tion operations the actuator 4, 4a will ?rst com
plete one revolution and thereafter the shaft 64
will make two revolutions for the automatic
zeroizing. The addition or subtraction of an
item will thus require three times the time neces
sary for one revolution of the pin wheels in op
erations of multiplication and division. But if
the machine is well and correctly constructed the
total time for'adding or subtracting an item is
70
75
2,127,102
yond the periphery of said spur gears, a pawl ro
ing machines.
For adjusting the machine from addition-sub
traction to multiplication-division, and vice
thereto about an axis at right angles to the axis
of rotation of the shaft, the free end of said pawl
versa, only a short displacement of the lever 1 is
spur gears, and means outside of said shaft for
necessary.
pivoting said pawl into engagement with either
of said projections and out of engagement with
It is, however, to be observed that it is not
necessary for the shaft 64 to make two revolu
10 tions for a zeroizing operation, but such opera
tion may be effected by one or, for instance, three
revolutions of said,shaft. It is only the permis
sible maximum strains of the material that are
decisive for the maximum speed of said shaft and
15 of the whole zeroizing operation.
It is evident that the latching and locking de
vices generally used in calculating machines may
be used in the machine in accordance with this
invention, for instance, interlocking means for
20 preventing simultaneous depression of ‘the two
keys I and 2 or for preventing the zeroizing key
from being actuated during the rotation of the
pin wheels etc. Such devices are well-known in
the art. The machine and the zeroizing mem
25 bers may be of any other suitable construction
diiferent from those described in the U. S‘. Pat
ent No. 1,927,771 and the U. S. Patent No.
2,108,596 (German Patent No. 535,576).
In the modi?ed embodiment shown in Fig. 12,
30 four pawls 54a, 54b, 550.,‘551? are substituted for
the double pointed pawls 54, 55 of Fig. 1, that is,
each double pointed pawl is replaced by one long
pawl 54a or 55a and one short pawl 545 or 55b,
each having only one point as usual. The pawls
35 54a and 54h are, preferably, journalled on the
same pin 20!, and the pawls 55a and 5527‘ on the
same pin 202 and are independent of each other.
The long pawls 54a, 55a are actuated by a com
mon spring 60a and the short pawls 54b, 55b by
4.0 a common spring 6017.
In other respects this em_
bodiment is similar to that shown in Fig. 1 and
corresponding parts carry the same reference
characters. When said pawls 54a, 54b‘, 55a, 55b
are released by the lever 6! acting on the pins
66 they are all four lifted simultaneously. In cer
tain cases such independent pawls are preferred
to the double pointed pawls. '
'
While we have shown and described two more
or less speci?c embodiments of our invention,
50 it is to be understood that this has been done for
‘ purposes of illustration only and the scope‘ of our
invention is to be limited only by the scope of the
appended claims when viewed in the light of the
prior
55
5
very short and about as long as the corresponding
time for the same operation in the common add
art.
'
"
'
What we claim is:
1. In a calculating machine having a unidirec
tional motor, an actuator adapted to‘ be rotated
in either direction and a shaft operative to ro
tate said actuator; two spur gears rotated in op
posite directions by said motor, a projection on
each of said gears, a pawl rotatable with said
shaft and pivotally secured thereto about an axis
at right angles to the axis of rotation of the
shaft, the free end of said pawl extending radial
ly beyond the peripheries of said spur gears, and
means engaging said pawl radially beyond said
peripheries for pivoting said pawl into engage
ment with either of'said projections and out of
engagement with both said projections. -
tatable with said shaft and-pivotally secured
extending radially beyond the peripheries of said
both said projections, said pawl engaging said
projections radially beyond the peripheries of 10
said spur gears.
3. In a calculating machine having a unidi
rectional motor, an actuator‘ adapted to be ro
tated in either direction and a shaft operative to
rotate said actuator; a pin secured to said shaft 15
and extending at right angles to the axis ‘there
of, a pawl pivotally mounted on said pin, two
members rotatably mounted on either side of
said pawl, means for driving said members in op
posite directions by said motor, projections on 20
said members, and means for pivoting said pawl
to engage either of said projections and to be re
leased therefrom, the last-mentioned means in
cluding a ?rst rod slidable in one directionfor
pivoting said pawl to engage a projection ‘on ‘one 25
of said members, and a second rod slidable in the
same direction for pivoting said pawl to engage
a projection on the other of said members.
4. In a calculating machine having a‘ unidi
rectional motor, an actuator adapted to be ro
tated in either direction and a shaft operative
to rotate said actuator; a pin secured to said
shaft and extending at right angles to the axis
thereof, a pawl pivotally mounted on said pin,
two members rotatably mounted on either side
of said pawl, means for driving said members in
opposite directions by said motor, projections on
said members, a movable guide member for piv
oting said pawl to engage either of said projec
tions and to be released therefrom, actuating 40
rods for moving said guide member, a lever,
means for oscillating said lever by said motor,‘ and
means for moving said rods into the path of
travel of said‘ lever.
5. In a calculating machine having a unidi
rectional motor, an actuator'adapted to be ro
tated in either direction and a shaft operative
to rotate said actuator; a pin secured to said
shaft and extending at right angles to the axis
thereof, a pawl pivotally mounted on said pin,
two members rotatably mounted on either side of
said pawl, means for driving said members in op
posite directions by said motor, projections on
said members, a movable guide member for piv
oting said pawl to engage either of said projec 55
tions and to be released therefrom, actuating rods
for moving said guide member, a lever, means for
oscillating said lever by said motor, a spring
pressed slide on said lever, and means for moving
said rods into the path of travel of said slide.
6. In a calculating machine having a unidi
rectional motor, an actuator adapted to be ro
tated in either direction and a shaft operative
to rotate said actuator; a pin secured to said
shaft and extending at right angles to the axis
thereof, a pawl pivotally mounted on said pin,
two members rotatably mounted on either side of
said pawl, means for driving said members in
opposite directions by said motor, projections on
2. In a calculating machine having a‘ unidirec
said members, and a slotted member for engaging
tional motor, an actuator adapted to be rotated
said pawl and pivoting the pawl into engagement
with either of said projections.
in either direction and a shaft operative to ro
tate said actuator; two spur gears rotated in ope
posite directions by said motor, a projection on
each of said spur gears extending radially be
30
7. In a calculating machine having a unidi
rectional motor, an actuator adapted to be ro
tated in either direction and a shaft operative to
75.
6
2,127,102
rotate said actuator; a pin secured to said shaft
and extending at right angles to the axis thereof,
a pawl pivotally mounted on said pin, two mem
bers rotatably mounted on either side of said
31 pawl, means for driving said members in opposite
directions by said motor, projections on said
members, a slotted member for engaging said
pawl and pivoting the pawl into engagement with
either of said projections, rods slidably connected
10 to said slotted member, and means for actuating
said rods.
.
'
8. In a calculating machine having a unidi
rectional motor, an actuator adapted to be rotated
in either direction and a shaft operative to rotate
said actuator; a pin secured to said shaft and
extending at right angles to the axis thereof, a
pawl pivotally mounted on said pin, two mem
bers rotatably mounted on either side of said
pawl, means for driving said members in opposite
directions by said motor, projections on said mem
bers, means for pivoting said pawl to engage
either of said projections and to be released
therefrom, and a stationary guide for retaining
said pawl in engagement with either of said
rotatably mounted on either side of said pawl,
means for driving said members in opposite di
rections by said motor, projections on said mem
bers, means including movable rods for pivoting
said pawl to engage either of said projections and
to be released therefrom, and means operable by
movement of said rods for locking said actuator
against rotation and for unlocking the same.
13. In a calculating machine having a unidi
rectional motor, an actuator adapted to be ro
tated in either direction and a shaft operative to
rotate said actuator; a pin secured to said shaft
and extending at right angles to the axis thereof,
a pawl pivotally mounted on said pin, two mem
bers rotatably mounted on either side of said
pawl, means for driving said members in opposite
directions by said motor, projections on said members, a guide memb-er'for pivoting said pawl to
engage either of said projections and to be re
leased therefrom, elements movable with said
guide member, a lever having one end in the path
of movement of said elements, and ratchet means
operable by said lever for locking said actuator
against rotation and for unlocking the same.
14. In a calculating machine having a unidi
projections.
9. In a calculating machine having a unidirec
tional motor, an actuator adapted to be rotated
in either direction and a shaft operative to rotate
said actuator; a pin secured to said shaft and
extending at right anglesv to the axis thereof, a
pawl pivotally mounted on said’pin, two members
rotatably mounted on either side of said pawl,
means for driving said members in opposite di
rections by said motor, projections on said mem
bers, and an arcuate member having a slot nar
rower at the middle than at the ends for engaging
said pawl to pivot it into engagement with either
of said projections.
10. In a calculating machine having a unidi
rectional motor, an actuator adapted to be ro
tated in either direction and a shaft operative
to rotate said actuator; a pin secured to said shaft
and extending at right angles to the axis thereof,
a pawl pivotally mounted on said pin, two mem
bers rotatably mounted on either side of said
pawl, means for driving said members in opposite
directions by said motor, projections on said
rectional motor, an actuator adapted to be rotated
in either direction and a shaft operative to rotate
said actuator; a pin secured to said shaft and ex
tending at right angles to the axis thereof, a‘ pawl
pivotally mounted on said pin, two members ro
tatably mounted on either side of said pawl,
means for driving said members in opposite di
rections by said motor projections on said mem
bers, a guide member for pivoting said pawl to
engage either of said projections and to be re
leased therefrom, a projection on said actuator,
ratchet members facing each other, and means
operable by movement of said guide member to
bring said ratchet members into and out of en
gagement with the projection on said actuator.
15. In a calculating machine having a unidi
rectional motor, an actuator adapted to be ro
tated in either direction and a shaft operative to
rotate said actuator; a pin secured to said shaft
25
30
and extending at right angles to the axis thereof,
said pawl to pivot it into engagement with either
of said projections, and a stationary arcuate guide
for retaining said pawl in engagement with either
a pawl pivotally mounted onsaid pin, two mem
bers rotatably mounted on either side of said
pawl, means for driving said members in oppo
site directions by said motor, projections on said
members, a guide member for pivoting said pawl
to engage either of said projections and to be 50
released therefrom, guiding pins secured to said
of said projections.
slotted member, key-operated rods slidably en
members, an arcuate member having a slot nar
rower at the middle than at the ends for-engaging
‘
11. In a calculating machine having a unidi
rectional motor, an ‘actuator adapted to be ro
tated in either direction and a shaft operative to
rotate said actuator; a pin secured to said shaft
and extending at right angles to the axis thereof,
a pawl pivotally mounted on said pin, two mem
bers rotatably mounted on either side of said
60 pawl, means for driving said members in oppo
site directions by said motor, projections on said
members, an arcuate member'having a slot nar
rower at the middle than at the ends for engaging
said pawl, said arcuate member being displaceable
65 in opposite directions to pivot said pawl into en
gagement ‘with either of said projections, and a
spring tending to retain said arcuate member
in a central position.
12. In a calculating machine having a unidi
rectional motor, an actuator adapted to be rotated
in either direction and a shaft operative to rotate
said actuator; a pin secured to said shaft and
extending at right angles to the axis thereof, a
75 pawl pivotally mounted on said pin, two members
gaged by said guiding pins, a lever having one
end in the path of motion of said'guiding pins,
a projection on said actuator, spring pressed
ratchet members, and means operable by move
ment of said guide member to bring said ratchet
members into and out of engagement with the
projection on said actuator.
16. In a calculating machine having a unidi
rectional motor, an actuator adapted to be ro
tated in either direction and a shaft operative
to rotate said actuator, a releasable and reversi
ble transmission between said motor and said
shaft, a projection on said actuator, pivotally
mounted arms, a spring between said arms, and
ratchet mechanism on said arms for stopping
rotation in either direction of said projection and
for releasing said projection.
17. ‘In a calculating machine having a unidi
rectional motor, an actuator adapted to be ro
tated in either direction and a shaft operative to
rotate said actuator, a pin secured to said shaft
and extending at right angles to the axis thereof, 75"
2,127,102
a cross-shaped pawl pivotally mounted on said
pin, two spur gears rotatably mounted on either
pivoting the pawl to engage either of said pro
jections and to be released therefrom.
18. In a calculating machine having a unidi
tion.
side of said pawl, said pawl projecting radially
beyond the periphery of said spur gears, means
for driving said gears in opposite directions by
said motor, projections on-said gears, and a key
operated slotted member engaging said pawl radi
ally beyond the periphery of said spur gears for
rectional motor, an actuator adapted to be ro
tated in either direction and a shaft operative
to rotate said actuator; a pin secured to said
shaft and extending at right angles to the axis
thereof, a pawl pivotally mounted on said pin,
two members rotatably mounted on either side of
said pawl, means for driving said members in
opposite directions by said motor, projections on
said members, .a slotted member for pivoting said
pawl to engage either of said projections and to
be released therefrom, and means operable by
movement of said slotted member for locking said
actuator against rotation and for unlocking the
25 same.
19. In a calculating machine having a unidi
rectional motor, an actuator adapted to be ro
tated in either direction and a shaft operative
to rotate said actuator, a pin secured to said shaft
and extending at right angles to the axis thereof,
a pawl pivotally mounted on said pin, two mem
bers rotatably mounted on either side of said
pawl, means for driving said members in oppo
site directions by said motor, projections on said
35 members, means for pivoting said pawl to engage
either of said projections and to be released there
from, and a stationary arcuate guide for retain
ing said pawl in engagement with either of said
projections, said arcuate guide having an extent
40 of at least 270°.
.
20. In a calculating machine having a unidi
rectional motor, .an actuator adapted to be ro
tated in either direction and a shaft operative
to rotate said actuator, a releasable and reversi
45 ble transmission between said motor and said
shaft, a projection on said actuator, pivotally
mounted arms, a spring between said arms, and
spring-pressed double-pointed ratchets on said
arms for stopping rotation in either direction of
50
7
21. In a calculating machine having .a unidi
rectional motor, an actuator adapted to be ro
tated in either direction and a shaft operative to
rotate said actuator, a releasable and reversible
transmission between said motor and said shaft,
a projection on said actuator, pivotally mounted
arms, a spring between said arms, and two
spring-pressed single-pointed ratchets on each of
said arms for stopping rotation in either direction
[said projection and for releasing said projection.
of said projection and for releasing said projec
22. In a calculating machine having a unidi
rectional motor, an actuator adapted to be ro
tated in either direction, a shaft operative to
rotate said actuator, a releasable and reversible 15
transmission between said motor and said shaft
including a coupling and reversing pawl, an arcu
ate member displaceable for moving said pawl,
rods movable to displace said arcuate member,
locking means for said arcuate member, and keys 20
movable to actuate said rods and said locking
means.
23. In a calculating machine having a unidi
rectional motor, an actuator adapted to be ro
tated in either direction, a shaft operative to 25
rotate said actuator, a releasable and reversible
transmission between said motor and said shaft
including a coupling and reversing pawl, an arcu
ate member displaceable for moving said pawl,
locking means for said arcuate member, and keys
movable to displace said pawl and to simultane—
o-usly move said locking means.
24. In a calculating machine having a unidi~
rectional motor, an actuator adapted to be ro
tated in either direction and .a shaft operative to 35
rotate said actuator; a pin secured to said shaft
and extending at right angles to- the axis thereof,
a pawl pivotally mounted‘ on said pin, two mem
bers rotatably mounted on either side of said
pawl, means for driving said members in oppo 40
site directions by said motor, projections on said
members, a guide member for pivoting said pawl
to engage either of said projections and to be
released therefrom, a projection on said actuator,
spring pressed ratchet members, and means op 45
erable by movement of said guide member to
bring said ratchet members into and out of en
gagement with the projection on said actuator.
ROLF ERIK ANNERE'N.
BENGT .cARLsTRoM.
50