Патент USA US2514477

July 11, 195o
2,514,472
C. D. CÁSSIDY
CHUCK
Filed Dec. 18, 1944
59 40
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ULi/fordI D. Casàld
BY ¿247W
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Patented `Íuly 11, 14950
2,514,472
UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE
2,514,472
CHUCK
Clifford D. Cassidy, Bridgeport, Conn., assignor
to The Bullard Company, a corporation of Con
necticut
Application December 18, 1944, Serial No. 568,602
4 Claims. (CI. 279-123)
1
This invention relates to work-supporting de
come the above, as well as other difficulties.
Other objects include the provision of a chuck
ing device that includes top jaws that are adapted
adjustably to be clamped to shoes in such a way
that they can be removed with ease and facility;
the provision of such a chucking mechanism in
which a single adjustable element is provided
reciprocable shoes to which top jaws are adapted
to effect clamping and unclamping of a top jaw
to be adjustably mounted for rigidly gripping the
to a shoe; the provision of such a chucking mech
work to be machined.
,
High-production jobs usually include a sepa 10 anism in which the force incident to chucking
the work always reacts directly on an integral
rate set of top jaws for each substantially difier
part of the top jaws; and the provision of such
ent diameter of the work that is required to be
a, chucking mechanism in which the adjustable
gripped. Each of these sets is machined so that
element is so located that it will not interfere
their gripping surfaces accurately conform to
the diameter of the work at the point of gripping. 15 with the work being chucked or be interfered
vices for machine tools such as lathes, and par
ticularly to a new and improved work-chucking
mechanism.
Work-chucking devices for lathes and similar
machine tools usually include a spindle having
A separate set of top jaws is required for each
substantially different diameter to be gripped
with by the metal chips removed from the work.
The above, as well as other objects and novel
features of the invention, will become apparent
from the following specification and accompany
top jaws disrupts the conformity between the
gripping surface of the top jaws and the work. 20 ing drawing, in which
Figure 1 is a top plan view of a chucking mech
Certain jobsA require as many as four or more
anism to which the principles of the invention
different chuckings, at each of which the work
have been applied; and
may be gripped on a substantially different diam
Figure 2 is a sectional elevational view taken
eter. Additionally, a production job may include
similar pieces of dii-ferent dimensions and sepa 25 substantially along line 2-2 of Figure 1.
Referring to the drawing, the invention is
rate sets of top jaws would be provided for each
shown as applied to a work-supporting chuck for
substantially different gripping diameter of the
a machine tool including a spindle I0 that is
similar pieces. In production work in particular,
adapted to be journaled in plain or anti-friction
therefore, a great many sets of top jaws may be _
provided that require quick change-over at 30 bearings within the frame of a machine tool. A
because any substantial radial movement of the
periodic intervals.
Prior-known chucking constructions usually
table II integral with the spindle I0 is adapted
to removing the top jaws from the shoes.
integrally therewith.
to support a frame member comprising lower'and
upper members I2 and I3 respectively within
employ a plurality of screws for each top jaw
which the means for supporting the operating
arranged in counterbored openings so as not to
interfere with the work to be chucked. These 35 parts of the chucking device are located. The
lower and upper portions I2 and I3 are rigidly
screws are arranged to provide maximum rigidity
held together, but are separable along a line
between the shoe and top jaw, and are usually
I4 for purpose of assembly. The upper portion
disposed radially of the chuck on which the shoes
I3 includes an annular-shaped recess I5 within
and jaws are mounted. Where the chuck seat
is in a horizontal plane, these counterbored holes 40 which an annular-shaped scroll ring I6 is
mounted for rotation. The under surface of the
fill with chips from the work being machined,
requiring much time to remove the chips prior
scroll ring I6 includes a bevel gear I‘I formed
The lower portion I2 of
the frame member is provided with a semi-cylin
In multiple spindle lathes, when as many as
twelve chucks may be employed, and each chuck 45 drical recess I8 having parallel walls extending
includes at least three top jaws, a change-over of
to the top of the lower portion I2. Another
semi-cylindrical opening I9 is provided within
the top jaws will involve the cleaning of at least
two holes for each of as many as thirty-six top
the lower member I2, and a similar semi-cylin
jaws and the loosening and tightening of seventy
drical opening 20 is provided in the upperpor
two screws. The time involved in such a change 50 tion I3. The two semi-cylindrical portions form
over adds materially to the cost of a job and often
a cylindrical support for a bushing 2I that sur
exceeds the time of actual machining for which
rounds one trunnion 2'2 of a bevel pinion 23.
the change-over was required.
The other trunnion 24 of the bevel pinion 23 is
The principal object of this invention is to
journaled in the semi-cylindrical opening I8.
provide a _work-chucking device that will over 55 The bevel pinion 23 is adapted to mesh with the
3
being clamped is at all times transmitted di-l
rectly to the depending portion 36 integral with
bevel gear l'l on the scroll ring I3. A square re
cess 25 is provided in the end of the trunnion
22 for the reception of a wrench, whereby the
pinion 23 can be rotated in either direction to
thereby rotate the scroll ring I5 in either direc
tion. There are three such bevel pinions 23
the top jaw 32 and does not react on the threads
of the screw 38.
Although the various features of the improved
chuck have been shown and described in detail
-to -f-ully discloseone embodiment-of the inven
spaced '120 degrees apart about 'the lower mem
The upper ¿member l3‘ is
tion, it will be evident that numerous changes
provided with radially-disposed slots 26 (Fig. l).
may be made in such details, and certain fea
In the present instance, three such slots 26 are 10 -tures may be used Without others, Without de
provided at 1Z0-degree intervals about the top `
parting from the principles of the invention.
ber l2 of the frame.
member i3.
Radially-disposed shoes 27 are lo
What is claimed is:
1. 'A chuck jaw »assembly including a support;
cated in each of the slots 28 »and each includes
a nut 28 fixed to the shoe 2?.'byfscrews~29. lEach , a 'set of equally-spaced transverse grooves on
nut 28 cooperates with the scroll on the scroll 15 each side of «the transverse center line of said
ring I5 in such manner that upon rotation of the
support; each of the grooves of one set having
ring IS, shoe 2ï is adapted tobe‘inoved radially
an inclined transverse binding surface opposed
relatively to the work-supporting chuck. The
to asimilar surface in each groove of the other
lower and upper portions I2 and I3 of the frame
set, said opposed surfaces diverging outwardly;
are adapted rigidly to be lfixed together by screws 20 atop -jaw having a single integral binding vpro
jection, of a lwidth less than the width of said
3B. The frame itself is rigidly vfined to the table
'Hy by the screws 3|. A top jaw ¿32 is provided
transverse grooves and ainating surface for the
inclined surface of said grooves; a binder sep
arate from said top jaw including a p'orti'on hav
the work at the point of gripping.
25 ing a thickness less than ~the `width 'of said
«grooves and a 'mating surface‘for the inclined
_ ‘In the present invention, means is Yprovided for
with -an arcuate gripping surface '33 that is Ina
¿chined to accurately conform to the diameter of
rigidly but releasably holding the'top jaw hav
ingthe correct arcuate gripping surface at its
surfaces'thereof; 'and a,Y Ibolt extending through
said bindery andinto -said"`t`op ïja'w vto draw-said
correctrradial »position along the longitudinal top jaw and binder toward each other.
2. »A chuck Vjaw assembly including asupport;
axis-of the shoe »27. Supporting means for top 30
Ijawsi32,4 in the instant disclosure, take the form
of shoes 2ï. These shoes are provided with a
plurality 'of transverse slots l3l3, each having a
semi-dovetail wall construction, and a`4 plurality
of slots 35 of similar construction. YThe con
struction »and arrangement are such that the
slots 313 cooperate with slots 35 to provide one
portion `of a.V dove-tail clamping means.l Each
top jaw 32 includes an integral depending clamp
ing element 36 adapted to slide into'the slots 34
_transversely‘of the shoe 21. JOne side of element
36 is provided with a semi-dovetail surf aceadapt
ed to cooperate with thesemi-dovetail surface
of the slots-34.l A clamping memberS'I-is adapted
adjustabl-y'to be connected to» each of the top
jaws 32`by a single screw38. The upper portion
a set of equally-'spaced ‘transverse grooves on
-each side ’ofthe'transverse center -line Y'of said
35
support; each of the "grooves of one set having
an inclined transverse binding surface `~opposed
`to a Asimilar surface in each groove Mof -the ~other
set,` said opposed surfaces 'diverging outwardly;
aïtop 'jaw havinga single integral binding ’.pro
`jection, rof a widthï-fle's's-than "the 4width 'of said
4transverse grooves ¿and a mating surface for the
lrinclined surface' of said grooves; abinder'sep
arate from sa~idtop .jaw including apo?tion hav
hing a. thickness'les's-than' the width of said grooves
and a' mating surface ‘for 'the' inclih'ed'surfaces
thereof ;' means 'for' locating sa'id top jaw trans
versely'of said su'p'p‘or-t;` and means `Ífor'drawing
"ofthe clamping member 3_7 includes a-iiange 39
said binder and’top >jaw'toward-each other such
~that 'said -portion and binding projection inter
a»that overlies ashoulder 43 on the topy jaw "32,
The lower-endof the «clamp member 31 includes
lockv with‘ said opposedfgrooveslin said support.
3'. A chuckfjaw- assembly including a support;
a semi-dovetail surface adapted to cooperate with "5o a set of equally-spaced straight-line transverse
a_ corresponding semi-dovetail surface on ¿the
.grooves on each side of the ~transverse center
lineof said support, each of 'thegrooves of one
outer end?of theshoe 2ï, as well as _with similar
4serni-dovetail surfaces of the slots` 35`-` A> screw
set having yaninclined'transverse binding Sur
i¿il -(Fi‘g. 1) is adaptedl to hold a washer ¿i2 on the
‘faceïopp'os’ed’to a> similar surface >ineach ïgroove
one side of each shoe 2ï to insure proper circum `55 ~>o'f‘the other-set, said opposed surfacesfdiverging
ferential positioning of the top jaws during set
up. Referring to Fig. 2, the construction-and ar
rangementof the parts are such that to change
over from the top jaw 32 shown, to one that calls
_outwardly a vtopÍ'jaW 'havinguaï single „integral
'binding> projection,`4 of a-- «width A-less ' than- the
"'width‘of saidtransverse .ïgrooves and aY straight
"lineftransverse mating surface >for -the inclined
-for a different location from that shown in Fig. “do surface "of ` said ïgroov'es; 'a 'binder-separate» from
>2,'it is only necessary to loosen screw 38 and to
V'shift the topjaw -32v transversely of ¿the shoe 2i
faway from'was’hervßZ until the jaw 32 ’separates
therefrom. ‘The newtop iaw 32,`having a dif
~’ferent arcuate gripping surface 33 may then be
Aslid transversely of the shoe 2'! at its correct
lradial location such that the depending l'portion
_3i-fof the top jaw slides lwithinV the correct groove
34; the‘lower »portion of the clamp 3i slides with
v_inthe 'correctgroove' 35; and the one side ofthe
having an in'clined‘tra'nsverse binding surface
'opposed "to a similar‘sui‘face‘in eachgrooveof
"òlar'n'p the jaw to they shoe 21. ,
theother set, said 'opposed-surfaces? diverging
AThe construction'ernployed vis"particiilariy` ad- _ » outwardly; a'ïtop-Ájaw having a single ‘integral
`väntageous -since ' the Arf'ea'ction "from the work "75 binding projection. 'of a width less 'than *the
jaw 32 engages washer 42. The screw 3_8 on the
`newtop jaw may then be tightened to effectively
5
2,514,472
width of said transverse grooves and a straight
line transverse mating surface for the inclined
surface of said grooves; a binder separate from
said top jaw including a. portion having a thick
ness less than the width of said grooves and a 5'
straight line mating surface for the inclined surfaces thereof; means for iocating‘said top jaw
REFERENCES CITED
The following references are of record in the
file of this patent:
UNITED STATES PATENTS
Number
.
414.7955
transversely of said support; and means for draw-
such that said portion and binding projection 10 Number
CLIFFORD D. CASSIDY.
Name
Date
Siweetland _______ __ Nov. 12, 1889
FOREIGN PATENTS
ing said binder and top Jaw toward each other
interlock with said opposed grooves in said support.
'
101866
39,934
Country
Date
Sweden ----------------- -- 1900
France _______________ ___--- 1931