Патент USA US2527966

Oct. 3l, 1950
E. s. Russi-:Y
2,527,965
TRANSMISSION CONTROL
Filed Sept. 25, 1946
`
2 Sheets-Sheet '1
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¿062715, 'j [email protected]
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Oct. 3l, 1950
2,527,965
E. s. RussEY
TRANSMISSION CONTROL
Filed Sept. 25, 1946
2 Sheets-Sheet 2
fm1/rené?"
¿7d/ward’ „Í
21,[email protected]
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Patented Oct. 31, 1950
2,527,965
cuir-Eo .STATE-s PATENT OFFICE
2,527,965
TRANSMISSION CONTROL
~ EdwardSfRussey, Muncie, Ind., assignor to-Borg
~ Warner Corporation». Chicago, Il1.,«a corpora
v tionv of Illinois
-Applica’tioniseptember 25, 1946,»Serial N o. 699,274
v2 claims. (C1.> 74-473)
1,
This invention relates to „improvements> inÍ var
a i-lrstzor> low'speed gear I'I z and a reverse .gear
I8. ' The gears I5, I'6,"I'I and II8 may ‘beïformed
iable speed transmissions of the type employed
integrally with the countershaft 'I3 .as clusterv
gears. In constant mesh with second speed gear
I6 is agear 'I9 which is loosely mountedon-out
put shaft I2. ‘ The >right-hand end (Figs. >1 and
in :motor vehicles and more particularlyof --the
ltype controlled from the steering column for
shifting the gears-and :jaw clutch torque trans
mitting elements thereof.
3) of output shaft "I2 is formed :with splines'îû
The principal object-’of the invention isrtopro
on which is `Slidably mounted a gear' v2| :for move
vide an improved transmission control-arrange
ment to the left to engage ñrst speed «gear'îI'L
ment embodying novel selector and shifting
mechanism for the transmission shift members 10 or to be moved to the positionzshown yinfFigs.
l and 3 for neutral, vSliding >gear ‘2| ~:is »also
voperably connected `to the torque transmitting
adapted to be moved to ‘the right Ato engage an
>elements >which will vbe simple in construction,
idler 22 which idler engages reverse-.gear I8 and
smooth in operation and .economical to manu
provides va reverse drive in output rshaft ‘I2.
facture.
Another object of :the invention -is to provide 15 Formed on the adjacent `sides of the'gears I4 and
I9 are hub portions which .are »provided with
control mechanism mounted on the transmission
casing which permitsA selectingand shifting‘the
external clutch teeth 23 and 124, respectively.
transmission shift yokes-»in azpositive manner and
with expenditure of little effort on ithe `partfof
Splined Yon the shaft îI2 is a hubfmember 25 hav
ing >teeth 26 which, in accordance with'the usual
practice, carry a shiftable positive jaw clutch
A further object of Ithe¿inventionfistoprovide
sleeve 2l which is splinedfon the hub Vmember at
a location between the hub portion-fof thegears
a control mechanism for-selecting.andshifting
I4 and I9 and‘provided with internal clutch-teeth
the transmission-shift yokes Aembodying ani-an
Awith which the clutch teeth 23- and 2li-‘respec
ually shiftable and rotatable» toothed element
adapted to Áselectively engage-other -toothed ele 25 tively are .adapted to be selectivelylmeshed as
is well-known in the art.
ments operatively connected -to the shift »yokes
The gear trains establishable through `the
and >to e‘lîect shifting movement -of l'tl-1e «selected
yoke by its- element for securing the ».desired
transmission, shown with the gears 'in neutral
the operator.
'
position, are as follows:
speed ratio.
For low speed forward, the gear 2l is moved
These and other objects and features of this 30
to the left to mesh with rthe gear I'I, the gear
invention will become apparent from,_the .f_ol
train established being from gear I4 to gear I5,
lowing description and accompanying drawings,
Ygear I1, gear 2| to the output shaft I2. For sec
in which:
Fig. l >is a sectional diagrammatic view of `a
vtransmission assembly to which `the >present oo_n
trol mechanism is applicable;
Fig. 2 `is a sectional-view through the ltrans
mission taken _along line 2_2 of Fig. _3 and hav
ond speed, gear 2| is in a neutral position and
35 sleeve 21 is moved tothe right so as to Yengage
<teeth 24 of gear I 9 with teeth 26 of the hubmem
ber 25, the gear train is then from gear I4 togear
I5, gear I6, gear `Iii and sleeve 2'! to the output
shaft I2. For third speed or direct drive, Y_the
40 sleeve 21 is shifted to the left to engage teeth
mechanism of this invention;
23 of gear I4 with teeth 26-l of the hub mem
jFig. 3 is a sectional ,view through thetransmis
ber 25 so as to provide a direct connection be
sion taken alongline 3-3 of Fig. 2; 'and
tween the input shaft gear I4, the clutch sleeve
Figs. 4 and 5 are detail side elevational views
2l to 'the output shaft I2. For reverse drive,> the
of a pair ofinterlock cams employed in connec
sleeve21 is in its neutral position andthe gear
tion with present invention.
2l is moved to the right toengage idler 22, which
Referring now-to the drawings for-afdetailed
establishes a gear train rfrom gear i4 to gear I5,
description of the invention, and-particularly to
gear IB, idler 22 and gear 2 I_to the output Yshaft
Figs. 1. and 3, the transmission .comprises a hous
ling a preferred :embodiment of the „gear shift
ing I0 for receiving and journaling v an input
shaft -I I and an output `shaft I2 .that arefdisposed 50
l2.
.
.
The yportion of the control mechanism which is
with their _axes in alignment anda Acountershait
generally indicated at I3. Rotatable with input
directly connected with the transmission mech
>shaftil `is a gear ylli which‘meshes with `a gear
I5 mounted on countershaft I3. Rotatable with
utilized for closing the side opening of the'trans
mlssion housing. The cover 28 includesy topl and
anism housing is mounted on a cover 28 vwhich is
the countershaft I3 .is a-lsecondspeed gear, :I_B, 55 bottom walls- 29.L and 3B merging with spaced par
3
2,527,965
4
into meshing engagement with one or the other
allel Walls 3| and 32 and end walls 33 and 34.
Referring now to Figs. 2 and 3 for details of
of the gears 46 or 49 operatively connected to the
the control mechanism for sliding gear 2| and
shift yokes 36 or 4|.
sleeve 2l, it will be observed that sleeve 2'! is
In order to lock one of the shift yokes against
provided with an annular channel 35 in which
accidental movement while the other is being
is received a shift yoke 35. Said `voke 36 is se
shifted, a suitable interlock is provided between
cured to, or may be integral with, a shaft 3'|
the two yokes 36 and 4| and comprising sector
which is rotatably mounted in a, crank arm 38
portions 61 and 68 on the respective crank arms
of a rockshaft 39. Similarly sliding gear 2i is
38 and 43 in which the yokes are rotatably
provided with a channel 46, preferably in its hub, 10 mounted.
in which is received a shift yoke 4l which may
The periphery of the sector 6l (Fig. 4) of the
also be secured to or made integral with a shaft
crank arm 38 is formed with a series of three
42 which is rotatable in a crank arm 43 of a rock
notches 691i, 69h, and 692', the suffixes represent
shaft 44. It may be noted from an inspection
ing neutral, high speed and intermediate speed
of Fig. 3 that each of the rockshafts 39 and 44 15 respectively. The notch 631i is separated from
are journalled centrally ‘thereof in the wall 3|
the notches 63h and 5912 by relatively high regions
of the cover 28 and have their ends jouralled in
'I6 which are in the form of flat and aligned
bearing bosses 45 and 45a formed in the wall 32
surfaces. The notches 69h and 691' are bounded
of the cover 28.
.
on the sides thereof remote from the notch 6911,
Mounted on the rockshaft'39 between the walls 20 by relatively high regions 76a which may be
3| and 32 of the cover 28 is a gear 46 having a
curved or arcuate and their overall height, i. e.
hub portion 4'! secured to theshaft 39 by a key
the distance from the axis of the shaft 39, is
48 and held against movement axially of the
greater than the height or the distance from
shaft 39 by the walls 3! and 32. Similarly, the
the axis of the shaft 39 of the aligned dat re
rockshaft 44 has mounted thereon a gear 49 hav
gions i0. Similarly, the periphery of the sector
ing a hub portion 56 which is secured to the shaft
68 (Fig. 5) of the crank arm 43 is provided with
by a key 48a and held against movement axially
a series of three notches im, 'HZ and 7|r, rep
of the shaft 44 by the walls 3| and `32 of the . resenting neutral, low and reverse speeds. Be
cover 28.
cause of the greater leverage offered by the crank
As shown in Fig. 3J the gears 46 and 49 are 30 arm 43, the notch '|In, HZ and l'lr are compar
mounted on the shafts 3S and 44, respectively, so
atively widely separated from one another and
that they are disposed in parallel planesl for a
the notch lm` is bounded on opposite sides there
purpose hereinafter described. Selective rota
of by aligned high regions '|2 which are substan
tion of the gears 46 and 49 and thereby the shift
tially flat and which merge into still higher ar
yokes 36 and 4| is accomplished by means of a
cuate regions 12a. The outer sides of the notches
gear 5| >slidably mounted on splines 52 on a shaft
'ill and 'Hr on the sides remote from the notch
53 having its opposite ends journaled respectively
i211. are bounded by arcuate regions '|213 of great
in the wall 3| of the cover 28 and in a bearing
er height than the height of the aligned, flat
high region '| 2.
boss 54 in the wall 32 ofthe cover. The shaft
53 is held against endwise movement by a key 40
rl‘he various notches of the two sectors 61 and
55 mounted in the boss 54 and engaged in an
68 cooperate with a combined interlock and yield
annular groove 56 in the shaft. To the outer
able positioning poppet device '|3 to prevent shift
end of the shaft 52 is secured an operating lever
ing of either sector 6'| or 68 from its neutral po
5'| which is connected by linkage (not shown)
sitoin while the other sector is in the process of
to the steering post control mechanism.
being shifted or when a shift thereof has been
It will be apparent from an inspection of Fig. 45 completed from the neutral position thereof.
3 that the gear 5| on the shaft 53 is shiftable
The interlocking device 'I3 comprises a sleeve
axially thereof to mesh the teeth of the gear with
'I4 (Fig. 3) which is slidably mounted in a bore
either the teeth of the gear 46 or the teeth of
75 formed in a boss 'I6 provided on the wall 3|
the gear 49 due to the disposition of the gears
of the cover 28 between the crank arms 38 and
46 and 41 in parallel planes and the range of
43. A pair of balls '|'| and 'I8 are positioned
movement of the gear 5l axially of the shaft 53
within the sleeve '|4 in the end_regions thereof.
afforded by the splines 52 thereof extending be
tween the walls 3| and 32. It may also be noted
that the width of the gear 5| is such that the
gear may be selectively shifted into engagement
The ball '|'| is selectively engageable in the notches
59u, 691' or 69h. in the sector 6'! and the ball '|8
is selectively engageable in the notches lm, 'HZ
and TIT. Both balls are yieldingly urged out
with either one of the gears 46 and 49 without
wardly away from each other by means of a coil
having engagement with the other of said last
spring 19.
mentioned gears.
During movement of one of the crank arms
For the purpose of shifting the gear 5| to and
38 or 43 from its neutral position, for example,
fro along the shaft 53 into engagement with (il: the crank arm 38, one or the other of the ñat
either the gear 46 or the gear 49, a crank gener
surfaces '|0 of the sector 61 will engage and, by
ally designated 58 is provided having an arm 59
a camming action, move the adjacent end of the
formed at its outer extremity with downwardly
sleeve 'i4 toward the sector 68 with the result
extending lugs 60 and 6| having opposed arcuate
that the other or remote end of the sleeve will
surfaces 62 and 63 receiving the gear 5| there
abut against the aligned, ñat surfaces '12, the
between. The crank arm 58 has an arm or shaft
ball '18 being urged and nested between these sur
64 extending upwardly from its arm 59 which is
faces and into the notch '| In, whereby the crank
journaled in a vertical boss 65 in the top wall 23
arm 43 will be held against movement away from
of the cover 28. The upper end of the shaft 62
its neutral position. After a shift has been made
is secured to an operating lever 66 which is con
by movement of the crank arms 38, and the ball
nected by linkage (not shown) to the steering
'H occupies a position within either notch 691' or
post control mechanism. Thus by swinging the
6971., the relatively high portion 10a of the sec
operating lever 66 to and fro, the crank 58 shifts
tor 6`| will bear against the sleeve 'I4 and con
the selector gear 5| longitudinally of the shaft 53
tìnue to hold the other end of the sleeve against
5
the aligned, flat surfaces 12 and thus prevent
„shifting of the crank arm 43.
A similar situation exists when the crank arm v
43 moves in either Adirection from its neutral
position. Initial movement of lthis arm will cause
one or the other of the aligned, flat surfaces 12
‘ to vbear against. an .end `of '.'thesleeve 14r and vforce
" the other end of .thesleeve‘against the :.aîligned,
"ñat surfaces 10, to .thuslock .the .crank arm‘SSin
its neutralV position. Whenrthe'crank arm '43 has
moved from its neutral position V.to either >ofiits
:gear-*engaging positions wherein .the bali'îlB-.nc
cupies a position within-either of the recesses 1H
or 11T, one or the other of the two aligned, flat
surfaces 12 will engage an edge of the sleeve 14 .
andurge the vsleeve toward the'crank-arm 538 so
ï'thatthe other end -of ‘the -sleeve engages the
.
IA6
and move thefclu'tch sleeve'. 21 ‘intoitoothed en
gagement with 'the teethîl~23 yof the gear :.1 4,. aidi
rect connection Vthus being :established ’between
the input and output shafts Il and l2. ~`To ob- `
tain reversefdrive, ¿the shift'lever 51 and selector
lever`V GS are Areturned to îtheir neutral positions
shown/'in the drawings andithe lever l166 isv then
rotated in a -counterclockwise direction (Fig.:3)
to engage gear' 5| with gear' '49. .Shift llever' 51
is 'then rotated in a counterclockwise direction
.(Fig. 2) to cause gear 5l to rotate `gear '49'clock
wise for shifting yoke -`lll `to the right .thereby
sliding gear 2l `into mesh with the reversevi’dler
Vgearï22 for establishing reverse drive.
AIt‘will thus vlbe `seen that I have provided a
simple 'shift control mechanism fora transmis
sion and which utilizes a single Selecting and
aligned, fiat surfaces 16, thereby locking the
shifting gear adapted to coact=with-gears respec- `
crank arm 38 in its neutral position. After the
crank arm 43 has been moved to either of its
tively .associated-with shift yokes and operative
to establish the different speed ratios, the entire
control mechanism for the transmission being
limiting positions with the ball’ 18 disposed in
either the notch 1lZ or1lr, as the case may be,
the relatively high surfaces 12a and 12b on either
side of the notch bear against the end of the
sleeve 14 and retain the latter in its locking po
sition wherein an end thereof bears against the
aligned, flat surfaces 10 of the crank arm 33
and prevents shifting of the latter out of its
neutral position.
From the above description it will be seen that
it is impossible to shift either of the crank arms
38 or 43 when the other crank arm is in the proc
ess of being shifted or when it has been shifted
away from its neutral position. Additionally the
interlock arrangement renders it impossible to ;
shift both of the crank arms out of their neu
trol positions simultaneously.
In describing the operation of the control
mechanism, let it be assumed that the motor ve
hicle is at rest with the motor running and the
transmission and control mechanism therefor is
positioned in the neutral position as shown in
the iigures of the drawings. To obtain low for
ward, the selecting lever 66 of the crank 58 is
rotated in a counterclockwise direction (Fig. 3)
to cause the arm 59 thereof to shift the gear
5l axially of the shaft 53 toward and into en
mounted onv the side cover of the trnasmission
housing.
Various changes will be apparent to those
skilled in the art without departing from the
spirit and scope of the invention and it is not
intended to limit the invention in its broader
aspects to the details shown and described, the
scope of the invention being set forth in the ap
pended claims.
’
'
Iclaim:
l. In a transmission having a pair of shiftable
ldrive control elements movable from neutral po
sitions to drive completing positions, a pair of
operating members mounted for independent os
cillation about parallel axes, means operatively
connecting one of said control elements with one
of said operating members and the other control
element with the other operating member where
by said elements assume positions corresponding
to the positions of the respective members, a rock
shaft oscillata'ble about an axis parallel to the
axes of said operating members, toothed means
mounted on each of said operating members and
toothed means on said rock shaft movable axially
to> engage either of said first-named toothed
means whereby subsequent rotation of the rock
gagement with the gear 49. The shift lever 51
shaft causes oscillation of one or the other of
may then be rotated in a clockwise direction (Fig.
said operating members and movement of its con
2) to effect rotation of the gear 5I and thereby BO trol element, and an interlock cooperable with
the gear 49 and the crank arm 43 to move the
said operating members for preventing the si
shift yoke connected thereto to slide the gear 2|
multaneous movement out of neutral position of
along the output shaft i2 and into engagement
both of said membersthe toothed means of said
`with the gear I1 to establish low forward speed.
operating members being located so adjacent
The various gears and the other parts of the
each other that the toothed means on y,said rock
control mechanism are then returned to their
shaft is always in engagement with at least one
neutral positon as shown in the drawings to con
of said first-named toothed means and, due to
dition the transmission for second speed. To es
said interlock, said rock shaft and the toothed
tablish second speed, the selecting lever 66 is
means thereon cannot be oscillated when the
rotated in a clockwise direction (Fig. 3) to effect 60 toothed means on the rock shaft is in mesh with
movement of the selector gear 5I along the shaft
both of said first-named toothed means.
53 and into mesh with the gear 46, the gears 5l
2. In a transmision having a plurality of torque
and 46 then being rotated by counterclockwise
movement of the shifting lever 51 (Fig. 2) to ro
tate the crank arm 3S and thereby move lthe
associated shift yoke 36 and sliding clutch sleeve
21 to eiTect toothed engagement of the latter
with the gear i9, which is in engagement with
the second speed gear I6. Thereafter, third
speed or direct drive is readily established by
merely rotating the shift lever 51 in a reverse
or clockwise direction (Fig. 2) which will rotate
the gear 5| and thereby effect rotation of the
transmitting members each of which is capable
of being shifted from a medial position in op
posite direction to one of two extreme positions,
a casing for said elements, a pair of cranks for
effecting the shift of said members and journaled
in said casing for rotation on parallel axes, a
toothed member on each crank and rotatable
therewith, a shifting member journaled in said
casing between said cranks and rockable on an
gear 46 and its associated crank arm 38 in a
axis parallel to the axes of said cranks, a toothed
selecting member on said shifting member rotat
able therewith and having slidable movement ax
counterclockwise direction to shift the yoke 3S
ially thereof into meshing engagement with one
2,527,965
7
8
bers, means for selectively sliding said selecting
member, means for rotating said shifting mem
ber, and interlock means mounted on said casing
between said cranks and engageable therewith 5
for preventing movement of either crank from
Number
its medial position when the other crank has
1,170,830
been shifted from itsfmedial position and for
1,635,484
preventing simultaneous shifting of both cranks
from any position thereof, said toothed selecting
\
REFERENCES CITED
The following references are of record in the
ñle of this patent:
UNITED STATES PATENTS
or the other of said mst-mentioned toothed mem
10
2,202,950
2,323,516
2,350,506
2,438,691
member on said shifting member having a lim
ited axial movement whereby it is always in en
gagement with at least one of the toothed mem
bers on said cranks and cooperating with said
interlock means so that when it is in engagement 15 Number
with both of the toothed members on said cranks
254,848
it is held by the interlock means from rotation
636,725
in either direction.
EDWARD S. RUSSEY.
Name
Date
LeBlond __________ __ Feb. 8,
Kesling __________ __ July l2,
Girardi ___________ __ June 4,
Cipullo ___________ __ July 6,
Haight ___________ __ June 6,
Armantrout ______ __ Mar. 30,
1916
1927
1940
1943
1944
1948
FOREIGN PATENTS
Country
Date
Great Britain _______ July 15, 1926
Germany _________ __ Oct. 14, 1935