JPH04137994

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DESCRIPTION JPH04137994
[0001]
FIELD OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a loudspeaker apparatus having two
directions. 2. Related Art In recent years, with the improvement of video imaging technology, it
has become possible to perform "one-shot" movies using a large screen even at home.
Accompanied with this, acoustic devices are also required to have the power and sound quality
required for a large screen. From such background, as shown in FIG. 5, the audio device
combined with the home video reproduction device 8 has two to three speaker devices 9 in front
of the viewer 11 or two or more in the side or back. The so-called surround sound field
reproduction apparatus using the second speaker apparatus 10 is often used. The front channel
of this surround sound field reproduction apparatus is an indirect sound or sound that is
synthesized by using a special processing apparatus and the signal of the front channel is
synthesized by using a special processing apparatus such as soft voice to be reproduced and
background music. Handles related signals. The speaker device for each channel is basically
required to have a performance corresponding to the signal to be handled, and the front speaker
device is required to have clarity, good sound image localization, and the like. In addition, since
the rear channel handles indirect sound, it is desirable to install a speaker device so that the
sound from the speaker device does not directly reach the viewer and the sound image is not
localized. As shown in FIG. 5, there is a method of achieving the above-mentioned effect by
dispersing the sound source by using a large number of rear speaker devices 10 to surround the
viewer. However, on the other hand, it is required to obtain the maximum effect with as few as
possible in terms of installation location and cost. As a speaker device for the rear, a speaker
device as shown in FIG. 6 has been proposed. In FIG. 6, 1 and 2 are speaker units having the
same performance, 3 is a cabinet, and the speaker units 1 and 2 are electrically connected to
operate in reverse phase with each other. FIG. 7 is an example of polar coordinate directivity
characteristics when the front side of the speaker unit 1 is closed 180 degrees on the front side
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of the speaker unit 2 in the speaker device shown in FIG. The front of 2 shows a position where
the sound pressure is maximum and the positions equidistant from the speakers 1, 2 and 1, that
is, the directivity in which the sound pressure is minimum at the side of the cabinet. FIG. 8 is an
example of an audio apparatus combined with the home video reproduction apparatus 8 using
the speaker apparatus shown in FIG. 6 as the rear speaker apparatus, but when the speaker
apparatus is installed as shown in FIG. Since the directivity characteristic of the speaker device
10 is bi-directional as shown in FIG. 7, the sound pressure becomes minimum near the viewing
position, and the sound of the rear speaker device 10 does not reach the viewer 11 directly,
While being used individually, the viewer 11 can be provided with a good surround effect.
However, the bi-directional speaker device shown in FIG. 6 exhibits polar coordinate directivity
characteristics as shown in FIG. 7 because the relationship between the distance d between two
speaker units and the frequency f is f This is the case of ≦ c / d (c: sound velocity), and in the
case of f> c / d, polar coordinate directivity characteristics in which the side lobes 14 appear in
addition to the main lobe 13 as shown in FIG. The number of side lobes increases as the
frequency increases (as the frequency increases, and as the spacing between the speaker units
increases), the number of side lobes increases, and the range of cancellation by the opposite
phase narrows. As can be seen from FIG. 9, the viewer 11 who is in the 90 direction is nearly
offset from the sound pressure from the speaker device and can obtain a good surround effect,
but is at a position far from the 90 ′ direction. As for the viewer (for example, the viewer 12 in
FIG. 8), the effect of cancellation due to the reverse phase drops sharply, so the viewer at a
position far from the 90 direction is a surround equivalent to the viewer 11 I can not get the
effect. The present invention solves the above-mentioned problem and provides a good surround
effect to the viewer who is in the position away from the optimum viewing position (90 'direction
in FIG. 8, ie the position of the viewer 11). It is intended to provide a speaker device that can
Means for Solving the Problem In order to solve the above-mentioned problem, it consists of two
speaker units of the same performance and a horn attached to the front of each speaker unit, so
that both speaker units operate in opposite phase to each other. And the opening faces of the
respective horns are set in a direction opposite to each other. Since the present invention limits
the directivity of the viewing direction in the band where side lobes occur by making each
speaker into a horn shape, even from the viewing position where the effect of cancellation by the
antiphase is reduced The indirect sound is dominant over the direct sound, and a good surround
effect can be provided at a wide viewing position. EXAMPLES Examples of the present invention
will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a speaker
apparatus showing one embodiment of the present invention, mounted on speaker units 1 and 2
having the same performance, a cabinet 3 to which those units are attached, and front surfaces
of speaker units 1 and 2. The frequency fr which does not deteriorate directivity is constituted by
the horns 4 and 5 in which fr ≦ c / dC: sound velocity d: a distance between the opening faces of
the two horns. The speaker units 1.2 are electrically connected to operate in antiphase with each
other.
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The horns 4.degree. 5 are set in such a direction that their opening faces are generally opposite
to each other. FIG. 2 is an example of polar coordinate directivity characteristics when the
opening surface side of the horn 4 is 180 ° in the opening surface side of the horn 4 in the
speaker device of FIG. 1, and the frequency f is f ≦ c / d. It is an example in the case of a band.
As can be seen from FIG. 2, as with the bi-directional speaker device of FIG. 6 without a horn,
there is no side lobe, so the range of cancellation by the antiphase is wide. 3 is an example of
polar coordinate directivity characteristics when the opening surface side of the horn 4 is Oo and
the opening surface side of the horn 5 is 180 ° in the speaker apparatus of FIG. 1 as in FIG. 2
and the frequency f is f> c It is an example in the case of the band which is / d. The effective
range of the cancellation effect by the antiphase is narrowed as in the case of the bi-directional
speaker device of FIG. 6 without the horn (FIG. 9), but the directivity in the 0 and 180 °
directions is strong <90 Because the directivity of the direction is limited, a sudden increase in
sound pressure does not occur even if it is out of the 90 ° direction. Therefore, the indirect
sound is more dominant than the direct sound from the speaker device, even for the viewer who
is deviated from the 90 'direction of the speaker device of FIG. 1, and a good surround effect can
be provided. FIG. 4 is an example of a sound reproduction device in which the speaker device
shown in FIG. 1 is used as a rear speaker device and combined with a home video reproduction
device 8. The rear speaker device 10 is installed such that the lateral direction (90 ′ direction)
at which the sound pressure is minimum is directed to the viewer. Therefore, in FIG. 4, the best
surround effect can be obtained at the position of the viewer 11. However, since the rear speaker
device 10 is a speaker device having polar directivity characteristics as shown in FIG. 2 or FIG. 3,
even from the speaker device at a position deviated from 90.degree. The indirect sound is more
dominant than the direct sound, and the surround effect is not rapidly reduced as compared with
the position of the viewer 11. As described in detail in the invention, according to the present
invention, two loudspeaker units of the same performance and a horn attached to the front of
each loudspeaker unit are electrically connected so that both loudspeaker units operate in
opposite phase. By setting the open faces of the horns in a direction opposite to each other, the
direct sound from the speakers is also heard at a listening position where the effect of
cancellation due to the antiphase of the bidirectional speaker is reduced. Indirect sound also
becomes dominant and can give a good surround effect in a wide viewing position.
[0002]
Brief description of the drawings
[0003]
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FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a speaker apparatus according to an embodiment of the
present invention, and FIG. 2 is a characteristic showing an example of polar coordinate
directivity characteristics in the frequency band of f ≦ c / d in the speaker apparatus of FIG. 3
and FIG. 3 are characteristic diagrams showing an example of polar coordinate directivity
characteristics in the case where the frequency f is a frequency band of f> c / d in the speaker
device of FIG. 1, and FIG. 4 shows the speaker device of FIG. FIG. 5 is a plan view showing an
example of an audio device combined with a home video device used as a rear speaker device,
and FIG. 5 is an audio device combined with a home video device using a conventional speaker
device as a rear speaker device. FIG. 6 is a plan view showing an example, FIG. 6 is a crosssectional view of a conventional dual directivity speaker device, and FIG. 7 is a dual directivity
speaker device of FIG. 6 with frequency f of f5c / d. Polar coordinates of the case FIG. 8 is a plan
view showing an example of an audio apparatus combined with a home video apparatus using a
conventional speaker apparatus having two directivity as a rear speaker apparatus, FIG. 9 6 is a
characteristic diagram showing an example of polar coordinate directivity characteristics in the
case of the frequency band where the frequency f is f> c / d in the speaker apparatus having the
directivity in FIG.
1.2 · · · speaker unit, 3 · · · cabinet), 4.5 · · · horn · 6 · · · internal wiring material, 7 · · · terminals 8 ·
· · video playback device, 9 · · · Front speakers 10 10 Rear speakers 11.12 Viewers 13 Main lobe
14 Site ropes.
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